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Update 99_Chronology_of_LipperheideCostumeLibrary_en.md
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Expand Up @@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ The couple [Franz Freiherr von Lipperheide](item/9364) (1838-1906) and [Frieda F
## The acquisition accounts for paintings and miniatures
The records for their acquisition of paintings and miniatures begin on [31 October 1877](media/17652) and list a total of 668 acquisitions on 22 single-sided pages, mostly listed in chronological order [^minus 65 miniatures, which were crossed out and transferred to the avcquisition record for miniatures]. Arranged in six columns, the first column contains an inventory number[^If a concordance to the surviving paintings and minaitures was established, reference is made to Q7/source No. 7 or Q8/source No. 8.] - although this is usually left blank - followed by the date of purchase, a very brief description, the name of the dealer, the original price, stated in the local currency, and the price paid in Deutschmarks.
In most cases, the descriptions of the acquired objects are unspecific and summarised, such as "[9 portraits, 1 picture on copper](media/17653)" or "[2 copies from the Museo Rath](media/17671)". More complete designations such as "[Tintoretto, Portrait of General Antonio Leva in full figure](media/17673)" are very rare. In this first form of inventory, however, the author made some mistakes with regard to the content of the paintings, for example in the case of King Frederick V, who is to be referred to as [Christian IV](item/80).
## Händler
The list of the paintings and miniatures includes dealers based in France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria and Germany. Franz and Frieda von Lipperheide collected most extensively in the geographical vicinity of their second residence in Brixen, Austria (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7005433). Their dealers in France were Carf & Siegal (Cannes), H. Lagache (Marseille), D. Friedel (Montreux), R. Facini (Nice), I. Stasi (Nice), Pagetti (Nice), Fiz. Conti (Nice), A. Lanne (Paris) and Levy (Strasbourg). In Germany they bought from Munk (Augsburg), Heilbronner (Augsburg), Seitz (Augsburg), S. Levy (Berlin), R. Lepke (Dresden), C.G. Thieme (Dresden), Ada Bergmann (Dresden), F.L. Seifig (Dresden), I.M. Heberle (Cologne), F.F. Jost (Leipzig), B. Helbing (Munich), A. Rupprecht (Munich), I. Drey, jr. (Munich), Steuber (Munich), Thierer (Munich), Gebr. Heilbronner (Munich), Reichl (Munich), Hildebrandt (Munich), Zisihank (?) (Munich), Glissenhof (Munich), Winterhalter (Munich), Bauer (Munich), Fr. Maurer (Munich), Rath Dr Carl Förster (Munich), Böhler (Munich), A. Pickert (Nuremberg) and Neumann (Nuremberg).
The Swiss dealers were Geist (Basel), Lanitsch (Bern), Müller (Bern), Sagmeister (Bregenz), Picard (Geneva), F. Plan (Merano), I. Strasser (Merano), Poggi (Geneva), Bossard (Lucerne), A. Kündig (Zurich), Schneider & Gubler (Zurich) and Schumacher (Zurich). In Austria they visited Widmann (Hall), Reichler jr. (Hall), Steiner (Innsbruck), L. Ettel (Innsbruck), Reichler (Innsbruck), Alois Reden (Innsbruck), Franz Unterberger (Innsbruck), Jos. Werner (Innsbruck), M. Werner (Innsbruck), Prof. v. Ferdinandeu (Innsbruck), Bürgerspital (Salzburg), Pollack (Salzburg), Ratzendorfer (Vienna), Mr Cubasik (Vienna), Ph. Spira (Vienna), W.M. Steiner (Vienna), Max Blum (Vienna), S. Egger / Comp. (Vienna) and A. Hirschler & Comp. (Vienna).
The following dealers are listed for Italy: Zerega (Genoa), Arrigani (Milan), Almanzi (Milan), G. Cazala (Milan), Gaet. Peps (?) (Naples, L. Fusca (Naples), Luizo Emili (Rome), G. Covola (Rome), Fratelli Scaleo (Rome), Ripessa (?) (Rome), Tarazzi (Rome), Piazza Poli (Rome), Giacomini (Rome), Marcini (Rome), Via del Giganti (Rome).
## Art and Antiquities dealer
The list of the paintings and miniatures includes dealers based in France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria and Germany. Franz and Frieda von Lipperheide collected most extensively in the geographical vicinity of their second residence in Brixen, Austria (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7005433).[^Their dealers in France were Carf & Siegal (Cannes), H. Lagache (Marseille), D. Friedel (Montreux), R. Facini (Nice), I. Stasi (Nice), Pagetti (Nice), Fiz. Conti (Nice), A. Lanne (Paris) and Levy (Strasbourg). In Germany they bought from Munk (Augsburg), Heilbronner (Augsburg), Seitz (Augsburg), S. Levy (Berlin), R. Lepke (Dresden), C.G. Thieme (Dresden), Ada Bergmann (Dresden), F.L. Seifig (Dresden), I.M. Heberle (Cologne), F.F. Jost (Leipzig), B. Helbing (Munich), A. Rupprecht (Munich), I. Drey, jr. (Munich), Steuber (Munich), Thierer (Munich), Gebr. Heilbronner (Munich), Reichl (Munich), Hildebrandt (Munich), Zisihank (?) (Munich), Glissenhof (Munich), Winterhalter (Munich), Bauer (Munich), Fr. Maurer (Munich), Rath Dr Carl Förster (Munich), Böhler (Munich), A. Pickert (Nuremberg) and Neumann (Nuremberg). The Swiss dealers were Geist (Basel), Lanitsch (Bern), Müller (Bern), Sagmeister (Bregenz), Picard (Geneva), F. Plan (Merano), I. Strasser (Merano), Poggi (Geneva), Bossard (Lucerne), A. Kündig (Zurich), Schneider & Gubler (Zurich) and Schumacher (Zurich). In Austria they visited Widmann (Hall), Reichler jr. (Hall), Steiner (Innsbruck), L. Ettel (Innsbruck), Reichler (Innsbruck), Alois Reden (Innsbruck), Franz Unterberger (Innsbruck), Jos. Werner (Innsbruck), M. Werner (Innsbruck), Prof. v. Ferdinandeu (Innsbruck), Bürgerspital (Salzburg), Pollack (Salzburg), Ratzendorfer (Vienna), Mr Cubasik (Vienna), Ph. Spira (Vienna), W.M. Steiner (Vienna), Max Blum (Vienna), S. Egger / Comp. (Vienna) and A. Hirschler & Comp. (Vienna). The following dealers are listed for Italy: Zerega (Genoa), Arrigani (Milan), Almanzi (Milan), G. Cazala (Milan), Gaet. Peps (?) (Naples, L. Fusca (Naples), Luizo Emili (Rome), G. Covola (Rome), Fratelli Scaleo (Rome), Ripessa (?) (Rome), Tarazzi (Rome), Piazza Poli (Rome), Giacomini (Rome), Marcini (Rome), Via del Giganti (Rome).]
## High-acquisition years
The years 1878 to 1882 were the peak period in which Franz and Frieda von Lipperheide made large-scale purchases on the art and antiques market. In these four years alone, they spent 25,148 marks on pictures, including 24,502 marks for oil paintings and 646 marks for miniatures. The years 1885 and 1886 represent a further high point with a total of 2,674 marks for 36 paintings, as does the year 1891, in which they acquired a further 13 paintings - presumably with a view to the donation - but paid a price of 1,537 marks, which was high in comparison to the earlier years. In the years 1885 to 1886, they paid an average of 74 marks. At the peak of their acquisition activity in the years between 1878 and 1882, they paid an average of 36 marks for an oil painting. In 1891, the average price for an oil painting was 118 marks. The higher sums paid by collectors reflected a competitive art market, also due to wealthy art collectors from abroad.
## The foundation of the Lipperheidesche Kostümbibliothek (Lipperheide costume library)
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