gplazma: fix NPE if gPlazma is rejecting all logins

Motivation:

If gPlazma configuration is broken or a plugin has rejected its
configuration then gPlazma will NOT attempt to log in a user; in
particular, the AUTH phase is not attempted.

There is a bug when handling such requests.  The code that logs
unsuccessful login attempts needs to know the door-supplied information
(credentials and principals, if any).  This information is used to
suppress logging additional failed attempts from that user.

The door-supplied principals are currently only available if the AUTH
phase is attempted.  In the above case, this does not happen, resulting
in a NPE, as described in issue dCache#7490.

This bug hides a further bug, where the code for logging failed login
attempts assumes that the validation error is available, even when the
validation phase has not taken place.

Modification:

Minor improvements to the error message describing how a plugin failured
to initialise.

As a general safety point, ensure that the principals SetDiff values are
non-null by initialising them to a safe default value.

Provide an alternative route to inject the door-supplied information
into the AUTH phase result.  This is a temporary solution that is
low-risk for back-porting.  A better solution would involve more
code-refactoring.

In addition, the failure to configure gPlazma is recorded as a
validation error for the login.  Again, this is an approach to reduce
the risk for back-porting.  A more general (or "correct") approach would
introduce unnecessary risk when back-porting.

Result:

A bug is fixed in gPlazma that is triggered when users attempt to
authenticate with broken gPlazma configuration or a gPlazma plugin's
configuration is broken.

Target: master
Fixes: dCache#7490
Requires-notes: yes
Requires-book: no
Request: 9.2
Patch: https://rb.dcache.org/r/14198/
Acked-by: Tigran Mkrtchyan

modules/gplazma2/src/main/java/org/dcache/gplazma/GPlazma.java

@@ -139,6 +139,23 @@ public LoginReply login(Subject subject) throws AuthenticationException {
             loginObservers.forEach(o -> o.accept(result));
             return reply;
         } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
+            /* REVISIT The following is a work-around to ensure the set of
+             * door-supplied information is available.  This is only done if
+             * the AUTH phase is not attempted to avoid creating extra work
+             * for the common case (AUTH phase is attempted).
+             */
+            if (!result.hasStarted()) {
+                var authPhase = result.getAuthPhase();
+                authPhase.setPublicCredentials(subject.getPublicCredentials());
+                authPhase.setPrivateCredentials(subject.getPrivateCredentials());
+                result.setInitialPrincipals(subject.getPrincipals());
+                /* FIXME currently need to treat a failure to initialise
+                 * gPlazma as a validation error in order to inject the error
+                 * message in the logged response.
+                 */
+                result.setValidationResult(Result.FAIL);
+                result.setValidationError(e.getMessage());
+            }
             loginObservers.forEach(o -> o.accept(result));
             throw e;
         }
@@ -290,7 +307,7 @@ private Setup buildSetup() throws GPlazmaInternalException {
                 plugin = pluginLoader.newPluginByName(pluginName, combinedProperties);
             } catch (PluginLoadingException e) {
                 throw new PluginLoadingException(
-                      "failed to create " + pluginName + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
+                      "failed to create plugin \"" + pluginName + "\": " + e.getMessage(), e);
             }
 
             ConfigurationItemControl control = item.getControl();

modules/gplazma2/src/main/java/org/dcache/gplazma/monitor/LoginResult.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
 import java.security.Principal;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -16,6 +17,9 @@
  */
 public class LoginResult {
 
+    private static final SetDiff<Principal> EMPTY_TO_EMPTY =
+            new SetDiff(Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptySet());
+
     private final AuthPhaseResult _authPhase = new AuthPhaseResult();
     private final MapPhaseResult _mapPhase = new MapPhaseResult();
     private final AccountPhaseResult _accountPhase = new AccountPhaseResult();
@@ -83,6 +87,15 @@ public boolean hasStarted() {
         return getAuthPhase().hasHappened();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Store the initial set of principals, as received by gPlazma from the
+     * door.
+     * @param initial The door-supplied set of principals.
+     */
+    public void setInitialPrincipals(Set<Principal> initial) {
+        _authPhase.setPrincipals(initial, initial);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns whether gPlazma finished all four phases of the login process.
      * <p>
@@ -102,7 +115,7 @@ public static class PhaseResult<T extends PAMPluginResult> {
 
         private final List<T> _plugins = new ArrayList<>();
         private final String _name;
-        private SetDiff<Principal> _principals;
+        private SetDiff<Principal> _principals = EMPTY_TO_EMPTY;
         private Result _result;
         private boolean _hasHappened;