[es7243e] Add docs for ES7243E audio ADC (#4597)

components/audio_adc/es7243e.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+ES7243E
+=======
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for using ESPHome's ES7243E platform to configure microphone inputs.
+    :image: es7243e.svg
+    :keywords: ES7243E, Audio, ADC, I2S, ESP32
+
+The ``es7243e`` platform allows your ESPHome devices to use the ES7243E high performance four channel audio ADC
+(`datasheet <https://www.lcsc.com/datasheet/lcsc_datasheet_2410121611_Everest-semi-Everest-Semiconductor-ES7243E_C2929446.pdf>`__).
+This allows attached microphones to be used as a microphone input via :doc:`/components/microphone/i2s_audio`.
+
+The :ref:`I²C bus <i2c>` is required in your configuration as this is used to communicate with the ES7243e.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    audio_adc:
+      - platform: es7243e
+
+.. _config-es7243e:
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **mic_gain** (*Optional*, enum): The gain applied to the ADC microphones. One of ``0DB``, ``3DB``, ``6DB``, ``9DB``,
+  ``12DB``, ``15DB``, ``18DB``, ``21DB``, ``24DB``, ``27DB``, ``30DB``, ``33DB``, ``34.5DB``, ``36DB``, or ``37.5DB``.
+  Defaults to ``24DB``.
+- **address** (*Optional*, int): The I²C address of the driver. Defaults to ``0x40``.
+- **i2c_id** (*Optional*): The ID of the :ref:`I²C bus <i2c>` the ES7243e is connected to.
+- All other options from :ref:`Audio ADC <config-audio_adc>`.
+
+Automations
+-----------
+
+All :ref:`Audio ADC Automations <automations-audio_adc>` are supported by this platform.
+
+Configuration Examples
+----------------------
+
+**ESP32 S3 Box Lite**:
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    audio_adc:
+      - platform: es7243e
+        id: es7243e_adc
+
+    i2s_audio:
+      - id: i2s_audio_bus
+        i2s_lrclk_pin: GPIO47
+        i2s_bclk_pin: GPIO17
+        i2s_mclk_pin: GPIO2
+
+    microphone:
+      - platform: i2s_audio
+        id: box_mic
+        sample_rate: 16000
+        i2s_din_pin: GPIO16
+        bits_per_sample: 16bit
+        adc_type: external
+
+See Also
+--------
+
+- :doc:`index`
+- :apiref:`es7243e/es7243e.h`
+- :ghedit:`Edit`

index.rst

@@ -740,6 +740,7 @@ Audio ADC Components
 
     Audio ADC Core, components/audio_adc/index, audio_adc.svg
     ES7210, components/audio_adc/es7210, es7210.svg
+    ES7243E, components/audio_adc/es7243e, es7243e.svg
 
 Audio DAC Components
 --------------------