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凿物团队硬件组

团队核心目标:

使用开源平台、模块化设计的简单方式,完成复杂的工作负载,面对大场景、工业化使用的挑战。

凿物硬件团队PCB设计主旨思想:

将PCB作为最小系统板、工业化模块、开源模块之间连接的桥梁,尽量避免PCB上复杂电路设计,降低复杂度、提升可维修性与可互换性。

凿物硬件团队程序设计主旨思想:

尽量使用高性能的C系(C/C++/C#)程序设计语言与成熟开发平台,不追求最新、最快、最炫酷的框架与理念,可控地、小范围地使用现代互联网框架相关成果,力求简单、稳定、工业化。

凿物硬件团队机械结构与设备结构设计主旨思想:

尽量使用铝型材、木材与标准连接件进行设备结构搭建,辅助以3D打印、亚克力激光切割技术,保证高可加工性、高扩展性,限制非标件的使用。

常用硬件购买途径

常用开发板与主控芯片(非带货):

  • Arduino Mega 2560:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&id=523249548085&_u=835f4g637b39

  • Arudino Uno:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-14787471870.12.249d6865QzaDI8&id=523243157722

  • OpenMV串口机器视觉模块:

https://kaizhi-xu.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w5002-14519673284.30.4e093071CvU8xr

  • ESP8266 NodeMCU WiFi开发板:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.f7282e8dsVn4Rs&id=539593135799&_u=835f4g6330bd

  • STM32F4高性能核心板:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&id=561125651860&_u=835f4g63889e

  • STM32H7高性能核心板:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z0k.7628869.0.0.3984476etVw8wB&id=40849384892&_u=t2dmg8j26111

  • STM32下载器:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&id=587508184109&_u=835f4g63e2bc

  • 树莓派 Raspberry 4B:

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.13.4d5b28eeEWBFTT&id=608798378397&cm_id=140105335569ed55e27b&abbucket=12

  • 国产STC现代化8051兼容单片机选型主页:

http://www.stcmcu.com/index.htm

常用扩展版Shield(非带货):

  • MEGA Sensor Shield:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&id=561952411579&_u=835f4g631468

常用模块与硬件(非带货):

电源类:

  • 大电流DC-DC调压模块(XL4005完全代替进口芯片):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&id=548199096291&_u=835f4g631653

  • 大电流动力锂电池/充电器(按需选型):

https://shop104230572.taobao.com/category-782993059.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c.w5001-13256882288.4.6c917dc6FNGBDf&search=y&catName=%A1%F3+%B5%E7%B3%D8%2F%B3%E4%B5%E7%C6%F7%26larr%3B&scene=taobao_shop

  • 18650电池(主流供电方案,常用):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&id=584313825027&_u=835f4g63ffe9

  • 18650电池盒(主流供电方案,常用):

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=533054527075&spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&_u=835f4g63431c

驱动类:

  • 小电流直流电机控制(TB6612FNG):

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=41281331820&spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&_u=835f4g639e62

  • 大电流直流电机控制(L298逻辑桥):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&id=584455715891&_u=835f4g6370a7

  • 步进电机控制(A4988):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-22254585047.9.ffe71bedn4bLxz&id=527736202730

  • 步进电机控制(DRV8852):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-22254585047.15.ffe71bedn4bLxz&id=589596227760

  • 步进电机闭环控制驱动:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z0k.7628869.0.0.3984476etVw8wB&id=595204678303&_u=t2dmg8j26111

  • 16路串口舵机扩展版:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&id=521026734279&_u=835f4g63126b

作用器类:

  • 42步进电机:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w5003-22311890017.8.24f44e1cvmo1Ba&id=527783214085&scene=taobao_shop

  • 28BYJ微型步进电机:

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=41303683115&spm=a1z09.2.0.0.4c4e2e8ds9Dgjb&_u=835f4g6378a9

  • 编码器电机、直流减速电机、直流蜗杆电机、超微型减速电机、行星减速电机系列(按需选型):

https://shop100168240.taobao.com/search.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.0.0.5dc9396f12h4pD&search=y

https://shop61729724.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&user_number_id=376725741

  • 数字舵机系列(按需选型):

https://shop117092746.taobao.com/category-1353576247.htm?spm=2013.1.0.0.374c615aPAzVwG&search=y&catName=%B6%E6%BB%FA%CF%B5%C1%D0

https://shop112804780.taobao.com/category-1025923207.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w5002-17909957365.5.61888d69xefv2Y&search=y&catName=%B6%E6%BB%FA%CF%B5%C1%D0

通讯类:

  • 无线串口/LoRA串口(按需选型):

https://zeyaotech.taobao.com/p/rd618921.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w16501251-15265879661.9.50c13e6eIxu7v3&scene=taobao_shop

  • DTU数传电台(按需选型):

https://zeyaotech.taobao.com/p/rd588381.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w16501251-15265879661.11.50c13e6eIxu7v3&scene=taobao_shop

  • TTL转USB模块:

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=528155897252&spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&_u=835f4g636845

  • TTL转RS232模块:

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.57.415540abXK6gh9&id=14475256603&ns=1&abbucket=14

  • TTL转RS485模块:

https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.77.4db240faAKKaWo&id=567963648418&ns=1&abbucket=14

  • USB-HUB模块(1拖4):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.159.1c88545eT9VCje&id=18203496911&ns=1&abbucket=14#detail

传感器类:

不一一列出,某宝搜索“Arduino 模块 xxx功能”,以下为实测推荐商家:

  • Arduino系列各种模块(工业项目中尽量避免使用):

https://zhongbest.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=2013.1.w5002-17559408389.2.48a64754w3tDqo

https://bstmcu.taobao.com/category-1413406412.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.0.0.289e337aKFfxbt&search=y&catName=Arduino

  • 智能小车多路灰度传感器(按需选型):

https://fyst.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.146a2e8dl9DMMv&user_number_id=2183383035

  • 夏普工业级激光、红外、超声波距离传感器系列(按需选型):

https://opto-sensor.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dwPqXdZ&user_number_id=1724899970

  • 高级传感器(姿态、陀螺仪等,按需选型):

https://robotcontrol.taobao.com/category-1316992140.htm?spm=2013.1.w20130807-22611640890.8.2c946bd61DIMiK&search=y&catName=%CA%FD%D7%D6%D7%CB%CC%AC%D2%C7&scene=taobao_shop#bd

https://robotcontrol.taobao.com/category-983152077.htm?spm=2013.1.w20130807-22611640890.6.2c946bd61DIMiK&search=y&catName=%D7%CB%CC%AC%C4%A3%BF%E9&scene=taobao_shop#bd

  • 高级传感器(生物传感器或其它,按需选型):

https://kvdz.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.20.1b494af0RqfRvL&user_number_id=645606161

  • 高级传感器(GPS、GPRS模块或其它,按需选型):

https://ilovemcu.taobao.com/category-1128096972.htm?spm=2013.1.0.0.25b26b3dy6JReN&search=y&catName=%B4%AB%B8%D0%C6%F7%26amp%3B%C4%A3%BF%E9

  • 测速用高精度旋转编码器(按需选型):

https://shop163158433.taobao.com/category-1342313505.htm?spm=2013.1.0.0.70549ac1icadcm&search=y&catName=%B1%E0%C2%EB%C6%F7

https://veha.tmall.com/category-1518913257.htm?spm=a1z10.1-b-s.w5002-22610659040.6.799f134b1mhIQy&search=y&catName=%B1%E0%C2%EB%C6%F7

  • 数字/模拟电位器、波段开关(按需选型):

https://ysxsm.tmall.com/category-1043339762.htm?spm=a220o.1000855.w5002-21961748790.6.ab1168b3x7NL06&search=y&catName=%BF%C9%B5%F7%2F%BE%AB%C3%DC+%B5%E7%CE%BB%C6%F7

https://huanghaina.taobao.com/category-697101574.htm?spm=2013.1.w5002-22175603416.4.3541768fZH5jOz&search=y&catName=%B2%A8%B6%CE%BF%AA%B9%D8%CF%B5%C1%D0

PCB加工、线材、机械结构、人机交互与零部件类:

不一一列出,以下为实测推荐商家:

  • PCB加工打样:

https://shop391921903.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=3024900176

  • PCB覆铜基板、洞洞板、面包板等通用板件、线材:

https://shixun.tmall.com/category-1039892388.htm?spm=a220o.1000855.0.0.42c26ecdDpbqoQ&search=y&catName=%B0%E5%B2%C4%7C%CF%DF%B2%C4

https://xintaiwei.taobao.com/category-524047590.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.0.0.8625546etMn4iB&search=y&catName=%C3%E6%B0%FC%B0%E5+%CD%F2%D3%C3%B0%E5+%B8%B2%CD%AD%B0%E5

  • PCB热转印纸:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dwPqXdZ&id=524297043314&_u=835f4g636e14

  • 电线缠绕管(按需选型):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&id=542502379632&_u=835f4g63a829

  • 线路热缩管(按需选型);

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&id=573735094368&_u=835f4g637037

  • 端子、连接器、各类连接器线材(按需选型):

https://china-ms.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&user_number_id=74222874

  • 排线、导线卷(按需选型):

https://shop543539516.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&user_number_id=3252028963

  • 结构木板/木条定制加工(按需定制):

https://jimuwu.tmall.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=2852104655

https://shop271327537.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=2944214068

  • 铝型材及连接件定制加工(按需定制):

https://luhulvxingcai.tmall.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z0k.6846577.1130980037.d4919818.75e537deg1zNG5&shop_id=72830966

  • 光滑钢管定制加工(按需定制):

https://zechanglong.tmall.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.11.74d37033oYkUAx&user_number_id=1892304230

  • 碳纤维轴/轮轴定制加工(按需定制):

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.29ad2e8dt6PMra&id=14127206605&_u=835f4g63fee0

  • 角码:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.29ad2e8dt6PMra&id=574360298094&_u=835f4g6331bf

  • 紧固件(螺柱、螺丝、螺栓、螺母、铜柱,按需选型):

https://shop298131511.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=2384114436

https://store.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=748895996

https://shop212895250.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dwPqXdZ&user_number_id=3285725669

  • 传动机构、微型CNC机床与3D打印机配件(丝杆、同步带、光轴等):

https://store.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=2786671363

https://shop382512490.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=2013.1.w5002-15491564551.2.6d472cfcVUAjCI

  • 光轴定制加工(按需定制)

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dqXfwrE&id=536169777223&_u=835f4g63bd60

  • 运动机构(联轴器、胶轮、麦克纳姆轮等)、机器人底盘:

https://store.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.20002e8dnWHItN&user_number_id=723377223

  • 重型、轻型万向轮(按需选型):

https://shop62450516.taobao.com/?spm=2013.1.1000126.3.291a6881ZnkJgB

  • 按钮/指示灯/主令开关/安装工具(按需选型):

https://shop117341529.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.f7282e8dsVn4Rs&user_number_id=2468162445

https://lsxgl.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z09.2.0.0.67002e8dwPqXdZ&user_number_id=670031874

  • 工业按钮标识牌:

https://shop560252793.taobao.com/shop/view_shop.htm?spm=a1z0k.7628869.0.0.3984476etVw8wB&user_number_id=3927850736

  • USART-HMI串口屏人机界面(按需选型):

https://shop34244628.taobao.com/?spm=a230r.7195193.1997079397.2.636a12fcUB4uJr

常用标准电子原件(各类电阻、电容、二极管、三极管、MOS管、开关、按钮、运放芯片等,各类其它模块):

  • 推荐1 telesky旗舰店(按需选型):

https://telesky.tmall.com/index.htm?spm=a220o.1000855.w5002-16538328895.2.6ad9604fVxaJ67

  • 推荐2 育松电子(按需选型):

https://dzyj.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w5002-14787471803.216.6e16512886TKER

  • 推荐3 世讯旗舰店(按需选型):

https://shixun.tmall.com/index.htm?spm=a1z10.5-b.w5002-17454470155.2.2f5c25e72T1jTf

  • 推荐4 信泰微电子(按需选型):

https://xintaiwei.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=a1z10.5-c-s.w5002-16248799808.2.771d4ea1xDMIp8

  • 推荐5 优信电子(按需选型):

https://youxin-electronic.taobao.com/index.htm?spm=a1z10.1-c-s.w5002-21223910158.2.106f6765qaBbJI

常用软件与在线工具

上位机程序设计:

推荐使用 .Net 技术栈:使用 C# .Net 作为组内首选开发平台

- Microsoft Visual Studio 2019

嵌入式程序设计:

- Keil C51(开发STC系列现代化8051单片机)

- Keil MDK(开发STM32系列高性能ARM芯片)

- Arduino IDE(开发Arduino开发板):

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

原理图与PCB绘制:

- Altium Designer 20

*AD20常用原件封装库下载:

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mOkLrWehvdQBCEPL0lloRg 提取码: 8bch

- Proteus 8 Professional

- 立创在线EAD工具

https://lceda.cn/editor

机械结构设计仿真:

- SolidWorks

- OnShape在线CAD工具

https://www.onshape.com/

- GrabCAD三维模型零件库

https://grabcad.com/library

视频教程

Arduino 视频教程系列:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1YW411Z76E?from=search&seid=13051533204431021587

51单片机速成视频教程:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ks411Y7mi?from=search&seid=9837229821462336778

STM32F4开发视频教程:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1N4411e7xH?from=search&seid=2905368956175283744

一周搞定模拟电路视频教程(模电入门基础):

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1zb411W7jv?from=search&seid=8774606301804190464

C# 桌面应用程序及网络应用程序开发教程:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1FJ411W7e5?from=search&seid=5840304969164730355

SolidWorks 视频教程:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1nW411Y7W7?from=search&seid=15562106580434651598

Alitum Designer 视频教程:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV16t411N7RD?from=search&seid=3667225526605165136

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