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Fix some cites, expand ceelo
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204 changes: 195 additions & 9 deletions bibliography.yaml
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Expand Up @@ -368,15 +368,19 @@ Ellis17:
publisher: Hawaiian Gazette Company
publisher-place: Honolulu, Hawaiʻi
URL: https://archive.org/details/journalofwilliam000434mbp
Adler57:
AdlerMagic:
type: book
title: Magic House of Numbers
URL: https://archive.org/details/B-001-001-881
edition: 2
author:
- given: Irving
family: Adler
issued:
issued: 1974
original-date:
year: 1957
publisher: New American Library
publisher: The John Day Company
publisher-place: New York, NY, USA
Bell:
type: book
title: Board and Table Games from Many Civilizations
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -690,6 +694,20 @@ GameOfOmbre:
given: Henry
publisher: Chiswick Press
publisher-place: Tooks Court, Chancery Lane, London, England, UK
GameOfQuadrille:
type: book
title: The Game of Quadrille; or Ombre by Four, With its establish’d Laws and Rules, As it is now Play’d at the French Court
publisher-place: London
publisher: R. Francklin
URL: https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_the-game-of-quadrille-o_1720
GameOfQuadrille_2e:
type: book
title: The Game of Quadrille; or Ombre by Four, With its establish’d Laws and Rules, To which is added, the Game of Quintille; or Ombre by Five, Both after the Old and New Manner
publisher-place: London
publisher: R. Francklin
edition: 2
issued: 1728
URL: https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_the-game-of-quadrille-o_1728
LawsAndPractice:
type: book
title: The Laws and Practice of the Game of Euchre
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -5050,6 +5068,7 @@ JavaanseKaartspelen:
title:
value: "Javaanse Kaartspelen: bijdrage tot de beschrijving van land en volk"
lang: nl
alt: Javanese Card Games
author:
- given: Tjan Tjoe
family: Siem
Expand All @@ -5060,6 +5079,11 @@ JavaanseKaartspelen:
publisher: A. C. Nix & Co.
issued:
year: 1941
series:
title:
value: "Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen"
lang: nl
volume: 75
JavaanseKaartspelenReview:
type: article-journal
title:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -7673,10 +7697,25 @@ ReizeNaarArabie:
author:
- given: Carsten
family: Niebuhr
lang: nl
lang: de
url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carsten_Niebuhr
issued: 1776
publisher-place: Amsterdam & Utrecht
ReisebeschreibungNachArabien:
type: book
URL: https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_cFJKAAAAYAAJ
title:
value: Reisebeschreibung nach Arabien und andern umliegenden Ländern
lang: de
volume: 1
author:
- given: Carsten
family: Niebuhr
lang: de
url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carsten_Niebuhr
issued: 1774
publisher: Nicolaus Moͤller
publisher-place: Copenhagen
TipcatAndOtherChineseGames:
type: article-journal
title: Tipcat, and Other Chinese Games
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -9482,6 +9521,7 @@ LaLangueDeRabelais:
issued: 1922
AllDeGeestigeWerken:
type: book
URL: https://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/Dutch/Renaissance/Rabelais1682.html
title:
value: Alle de Geestige Werken van Mr. Francois Rabelais
lang: nl
Expand All @@ -9492,7 +9532,7 @@ AllDeGeestigeWerken:
publisher:
value: Jan ten Hoorn
lang: nl
publisher-place: Amsterdaa
publisher-place: Amsterdam
issued: 1682
PhilipSkippon:
type: book
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -9775,7 +9815,7 @@ BackgammonLo:
in: *ancientBoardGamesInPerspective
ChuTzuEarlyChinese:
type: chapter
title: Ch'u tz'u 楚辭
title: Chu tz’u <span lang="zh">楚辭</span>
author:
- given: David
family: Hawkes
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -11710,13 +11750,14 @@ YeziPu:
URL: https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428497656$54i
issued: 1646
author:
- family:
- &Pan_Zhiheng
family:
given: 之恒
lang: zh
alt:
lang: cmn-Latn-pinyin
value: Pān Zhīhéng
series:
series: &XuShuofu_39
title: &XuShuofu
value: 續說郛
lang: zh
Expand All @@ -11730,6 +11771,29 @@ YeziPu:
alt:
lang: cmn-Latn-pinyin
value: Táo Tǐng
XuYeziPu:
type: book
URL: https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428497656$61i
title:
lang: zh
value: 續葉子譜
alt: <span lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="noun">Xù Yèzi Pǔ</span>
issued: 1646
author:
- *Pan_Zhiheng
series: *XuShuofu_39
LiuboPu:
type: book
title:
value: 六博譜
lang: zh
alt: <span lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="noun">Liùbó Pǔ</span>
URL: https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428497656$12i
issued: 1646
author:
- *Pan_Zhiheng
series: *XuShuofu_39
notes: A rather poor OCR is available from the <a href="https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&file=36761&page=19">Chinese Text Project</a>.
ZuiLu:
type: book
URL: https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428497146$21i
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -11809,6 +11873,7 @@ SwineherdsGossip:
value: Jīn Xuéshī
lang: cmn-Latn-pinyin
issued: 1783
notes: See text extracted and explained <a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/615258261">here</a>.
# extract on the portion about Ma Diao
UncommonMahJiang:
type: article-journal
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -12075,4 +12140,125 @@ PapaliEaMorabaRaba:
day: 20
month: 10
year: 2022

TravelsThroughArabia_1:
type: book
URL: https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_travels-through-arabia-_niebuhr-carsten_1792_1
title: Travels through Arabia, and other countries in the East, performed by M. Niebuhr
author:
- given: M.
family: Niebuhr
translator:
- given: Robert
family: Heron
volume: 1
issued: 1792
original-date:
year: 1774
publisher: R. Morison and Son
publisher-place: Edinburgh, Scotland
notes: Originally published in German.
UnsunOmbre:
type: article-journal
title: Unsun, a Far-eastern Cousin of Ombre
author:
- *Thierry_Depaulis
page: 39-44
in: &IPCS_12_
title: *IPCS
ISSN: *IPCS_SSN
issued:
month: 11
year: 1983
volume: 41
issue: 1
editor: &Eddie_Cass
- given: Eddie
family: Cass
JeuDeLHombre_1674:
type: book
title:
value: Le Iev de L’Hombre
lang: fr
publisher-place: Paris
publisher:
value: Claude Barbin
lang: fr
issued: 1674
URL: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k315519h
author:
- &Antoine_Gombaud
given: Antoine
family: Gombaud
alt: Chevalier de Méré
lang: fr
url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Gombaud
JeuDeLHombre_1682:
type: book
title:
value: Le Jeu de L’Hombre, Comme on le joüe aujourd’huy à la Cour, & comme on le doit joüer par tout
lang: fr
publisher-place: Paris
publisher:
value: Claude Barbin
lang: fr
issued: 1682
URL: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9616360q
edition: 2
author:
- &Antoine_Gombaud
given: Antoine
family: Gombaud
alt: Chevalier de Méré
lang: fr
url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Gombaud
JeuDeLHombre_1709:
type: book
URL: https://archive.org/details/lejeudelhombrea00civigoog
title:
value: Le Jeu de L’Hombre
lang: fr
publisher:
value: Pierre Ribou
lang: fr
publisher-place: Paris
issued: 1709
JohnCragge:
type: article-journal
title: John Cragge’s <cite>The Wits Interpreter</cite>
URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/library/18.3.337
author:
- given: Joshua
family: McEvilla
page: 337-344
in:
title: The Library
issued:
day: 2
month: 9
year: 2017
volume: 18
issue: 3
WitsInterpreter_2e:
type: book
title: Wits Interpreter, the English Parnassus
author:
- given: John
family: Cragge
issued: 1662
publisher: N. Brook
publisher-place: London
edition: 2
notes: Traditionally attributed to John Congrave, but see McEvilla (2017) in the bibliography. Ombre extract available <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20071218104813/http://astro.uchicago.edu/~ruben/cards/wits_ombre_2.html">here</a>, Picket <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080327092342/http://astro.uchicago.edu/~ruben/cards/wits_picket.html">here</a>.
BlackAces:
type: article-journal
title: 'Black Aces: Double Entendre in <cite>The Man of Mode</cite>'
author:
- given: Oliver R.
family: Baker
page: 13-16
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0895769X.2013.749156
in:
title: 'ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes, and Reviews'
volume: 26
issue: 1
issued: 2013
6 changes: 6 additions & 0 deletions src/articles/cards/china/money-cards/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -3,6 +3,12 @@ title: Money-Suited Cards
draft: true
---

Gough mentions having a deck of these, @GoughIntroduction [p. 171]:

> I have authority in my own poſſesſſion for ſaying that the Chineſe uſe cards marked and ſorted in ſuits like thoſe of Europe, not only from a Chineſe painting where their ladies are repreſented playing at a game with ſomething much thicker in ſubſtance than cards,{%fn%}A domino tile game of some kind. Note that {%gameref mahjong%} had not yet been invented.{%endfn%} but ſhaped and numbered like them. One of theſe has on it *ſix ace*, anodhter *ſix* as on the cards called *Domino* cards among us. But I have alſo a pack of Chineſe cards made of the ſame materials as European, and charged with various devices to no great or regular nubmers. The whole pack conſiſts only of thirty cards, and of theſe nine have human faces, one whole length figures, and one two faces one under the other.{%fn%}This is the Zhu Tong card.{%endfn%} The whole length figure has on it a red ſtamp with characters, and there are two ſuch ſtamps on one of the faces.
---

{% image src="sanhe_cards.jpg" alt=""
noborder=true size="wide" %}

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15 changes: 15 additions & 0 deletions src/articles/cards/history.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
---
title: History of Playing Cards
draft: true
---

Carsten Niebuhr visited Bombay in 1763 and reported that:[@TravelsThroughArabia_1 p. ]

> They know nothing of our cards; but at Bombay, I met with four Arabian merchants, who played with Chinese cards, so large and thick, that not one of the four but had enough to do with both hands.
The original reads:[@ReisebeschreibungNachArabien p. 173]

> Man nennet dies Spiel in der arabischen Sprache Laͤb el kamar.{%fn%}This is probably <span lang="ar">لعب القمار</span> <span lang="ar-Latn">laeib al-qimar</span>, meaning simply ‘gambling’.{%endfn%} Zu Bombay spielten alte arabische Kaufleute mit chinesischen Karten. Diese sind sher dick und unbequem. Ich erinnere mich, vier Personen spielen gesehen zu haben, wovon jede zu ihrem Anteil so viel erhielt, daß sie sie kaum in beiden Händen halten konnte.

England, 1671, the @WitsInterpreter_2e is published containing rules for “The Noble Spanish Game, called L’Ombre” ({%gameref ombre%}), “Picket” ({%gameref piquet%}), {%gameref gleek%}, and “Cribbidge” ({%gameref cribbage %}).
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions src/game-names-index.11ty.ts
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Expand Up @@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ const nameOverrides = new Map<string, string>([
["rng", "Rongo"],
["stv", "Siltʼe"],
["tiw", "Tiwi"],
["tws", "Teochew"],
["urh", "Urhobo"],
["wni", "Comorian"], // Ndzwani
]);
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion src/games/cee-lo/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ In Japan the game is called <span lang="ja" class="aka">チンチロ(リン)</sp

As of 2022, the game remains explicitly illegal — under the name “<span class="aka">Luk Kow</span>” — in Malaysia[@MalaysiaCommonGamingHousesAct p. 29] and Brunei,[@LawsOfBrunei p. 21] and as “<span class="aka">See Goh Lak</span>” in Singapore.[@SingaporeGamesOfChanceAndSkill]

It is possible the game is derived from a Ming-era game called <span lang="zh" class="aka">鬥腰</span> ‘fighting for the purse’, where the way to make a ‘point’ was the same,[@BettingOnEmpire p. 42] but I have not yet been able to find any further information on this game.
It is possible the game is derived from a Ming-era game called <span lang="zh-Hant" class="aka">鬭腰</span>/<span lang="zh-Hans" class="aka">鬥腰</span> (Mandarin: <span lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="aka">Dòu Yāo</span>) ‘fighting for the purse’, where the way to make a ‘point’ was the same.[@BettingOnEmpire p. 42] This game is described by <span class="noun" lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Pān Zhīhéng</span> in his work about dice games @LiuboPu, but I have not yet been able to translate this. At the very least the special throws {%cdice 456 %} and {%cdice 123%} are mentioned in this work.

## Play

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6 changes: 6 additions & 0 deletions src/games/cribbage/cribbage.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
---
title: Cribbage
draft: true
players: 2
equipment: Playing cards (Standard)
---
6 changes: 6 additions & 0 deletions src/games/gleek/index.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
---
title: Gleek
draft: true
---

Same as {%gameref glic%}?
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion src/games/morra/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Ge'ez: see @ComparativeGeez [p. 168]

## Chinese games

Called <span lang="yue" class="aka">猜枚</span>[@TipcatAndOtherChineseGames] <span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping" class="aka">caai¹ mu⁴⁻²</span>{%fn%}In very old works this is represented as <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">Tsoey-Moey</span>[@MicatioDigitorumDescribed], <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">Tsae Mei</span>,[@IuKiaoLi p. 284] or <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">chái-múí</span>.[@ThingsChinese p. 296]{%endfn%} ‘guess the count’ or <span lang="yue" class="aka">猜碼</span>[@AFunSouthernChineseGame] <span class="aka" lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">caai¹ maa⁵</span> ‘guess the number’ in Cantonese. A variant using two hands where a hand can only be open or shut is also called “15,20”, or “15,15,…” <span lang="zh" class="aka">十五二十</span>, and the player must guess correctly twice.[@ShiwuShiwu]
Called <span lang="yue" class="aka">猜枚</span>[@TipcatAndOtherChineseGames] <span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping" class="aka">caai¹ mu⁴⁻²</span>{%fn%}In very old works this is represented as <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">Tsoey-Moey</span>[@MicatioDigitorumDescribed], <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">Tsae Mei</span>,[@IuKiaoLi p. 284] or <span lang="yue-Latn" class="aka">chái-múí</span>.[@ThingsChinese p. 296]{%endfn%} ‘guess the count’, <span lang="yue" class="aka">猜碼</span>[@AFunSouthernChineseGame] <span class="aka" lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">caai¹ maa⁵</span> ‘guess the number’, or <span lang="yue" class="aka">猜拳</span>[@TonicDictionary p. 191] <span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping" class="aka">caai¹ kyun⁴</span> ‘guess the fist’ in Cantonese. A variant using two hands where a hand can only be open or shut is also called “15,20”, or “15,15,…” <span lang="zh" class="aka">十五二十</span>, and the player must guess correctly twice.[@ShiwuShiwu]

On the 5th of April, 1872, the Nuisances Ordinance of Hong Kong (No. 2 of 1872) placed restrictions upon the game:{%fn%}This was later integrated as part of the Summary Offences Ordinance.[@LawAndRacism p. 248][@SummaryOffencesHongKong]{%endfn%}

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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions src/games/ombre/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -8,3 +8,6 @@ equipment: Playing cards (Standard)
https://archive.org/details/sim_new-london-magazine_1789_5/page/10/mode/2up?q=ombre

Refs: @GameOfOmbre; @PopesGameOfOmbre; @CourtGamester.


@BlackAces, @WitsInterpreter_2e [p. 353-7]
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion src/games/tab/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ draft: true
---

- <span lang="ar">الطاب</span> (<span lang="ar-Latn">āl-ṭāb</span>) or <span lang="ar">لعب الطاب القصب</span> (<span lang="ar-Latn">lʿb āl-ṭāb āl-qṣb</span>)[@Hyde2 p. 217] (“tab reed game”)
- <span lang="ar">طاب و دك</span> (<span lang="ar-Latn">ṭāb wa-duk</span>)[@ReizeNaarArabie p. 166] (“tab with mound”?)
- <span lang="ar">طاب و دك</span> (<span lang="ar-Latn">ṭāb wa-duk</span>)[@ReisebeschreibungNachArabien p. 172] (“tab with mound”?){%fn%}The book has <span lang="ar-Latn">tâb u dúk</span>.{%endfn%}
- Persian: <span lang="fa" class="aka">بازی قمیش</span> (<span lang="fa-Latn" class="aka">bâzi qamish</span>) ‘reed game’{%fn%}Hyde writes <span lang="fa" class="aka">بازي قمش</span>; @CulinChess [p. 806] transcribes this as <span lang="fa-Latn" class="aka">bazi kamish</span>.{%endfn%}<!--An odd coincidence is that <span lang="fa">قمیش</span> <span lang="fa-Latn" class="aka">qamish</span> is used for the reed of a reed instrument, and another word for this is <span lang="fa">زبانه</span> (translit?), which now translates into English as “tab”. -->
- Ottoman Turkish: <span lang="ota" class="aka">قامش اویون</span>[@TurkishEnglishLexicon p. 1423] (modern Turkish <span lang="tr" class="aka">kamış oyun</span>), ‘reed game’ {%fn%}Hyde has <span lang="ota">قمش اويني</span>.{%endfn%}
- Comorian (Ndzuani): <span lang="wni-Arab" class="aka">ستة</span> (<span lang="wni-Latn" class="aka">sitta</span>) ‘six’
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion src/games/thothit/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ subgames:
---

<p class="lead">
<span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun aka">Thothit</span>{%fn%}<span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun aka">Ṭoṭit</span> in older orthography.{%endfn%} (<span lang="jav" class="aka">ꦛꦺꦴꦛꦶꦠ꧀</span>) is a fishing game from Java for three players, played with {% a ceki %}. The goal is to collect matching pairs of cards, especially red-stamped ones.
<span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun aka">Thothit</span>{%fn%}<span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun aka">Ṭoṭit</span> in older orthography.{%endfn%} (<span lang="jav" class="aka">ꦛꦺꦴꦛꦶꦠ꧀</span>) is a {%a fishing-games, fishing game %} from Java for three players, played with {% a ceki %}. The goal is to collect matching pairs of cards, especially red-stamped ones.
</p>

First, I describe the game as played in [Surakarta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surakarta) in the early 20th century, based upon the description in @JavaanseKaartspelen [p. 71–2]. In Yogyakarta this game is known as <span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun aka">Ceweng</span> ‘to pull something towards oneself’, and <span lang="jav-Latn" class="noun">Thothit</span> refers to a different, simpler, game ({% gameref thothit-yogyakarta %}).
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