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94 add app plane observability stack #97

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@dudizimber dudizimber commented Feb 11, 2025

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fix #94


PR Type

Enhancement, Documentation, Configuration changes


Description

  • Introduced a comprehensive observability stack for both GCP and AWS platforms.

  • Added Terraform configurations for infrastructure, Kubernetes control plane, and application plane observability.

  • Defined multiple Grafana dashboards for monitoring Kubernetes clusters, namespaces, and specific applications like FalkorDB.

  • Added VictoriaMetrics rules for Kubernetes application monitoring, pod owner relabeling, and general observability.

  • Configured ArgoCD applications for deploying observability components such as VictoriaMetrics and Grafana Operator.

  • Included scripts for automating cluster addition to the observability stack.

  • Added documentation for setting up the application plane observability stack.

  • Introduced Terraform backend configurations and lock files for consistent dependency management.


Changes walkthrough 📝

Relevant files
Configuration changes
23 files
.terraform.lock.hcl
Add Terraform lock file for Kubernetes control plane.       

tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/.terraform.lock.hcl

  • Added a Terraform lock file to manage dependencies for Kubernetes
    control plane.
  • Defined provider versions and their respective hashes for
    reproducibility.
  • +123/-0 
    .terraform.lock.hcl
    Add Terraform lock file for infrastructure setup.               

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/.terraform.lock.hcl

  • Added a Terraform lock file for infrastructure dependencies.
  • Specified provider versions and constraints for consistent builds.
  • +82/-0   
    .terraform.lock.hcl
    Add Terraform lock file for AWS bootstrap.                             

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/.terraform.lock.hcl

  • Added a Terraform lock file for AWS bootstrap module.
  • Defined provider versions and hashes for AWS and random providers.
  • +37/-0   
    .terraform.lock.hcl
    Add Terraform lock file for AWS application plane.             

    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/.terraform.lock.hcl

  • Added a Terraform lock file for AWS application plane.
  • Defined provider versions and hashes for AWS and random providers.
  • +37/-0   
    .terraform.lock.hcl
    Add Terraform lock file for AWS organization.                       

    tofu/aws/2-org/.terraform.lock.hcl

  • Added a Terraform lock file for AWS organization module.
  • Defined provider versions and hashes for AWS.
  • +20/-0   
    variables.tf
    Add variables for GCP Kubernetes control plane.                   

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/variables.tf

  • Added variables for GCP Kubernetes control plane configuration.
  • Included validation for environment variable.
  • +39/-0   
    variables.tf
    Add variables for AWS application plane.                                 

    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/variables.tf

  • Added variables for AWS application plane configuration.
  • Defined parameters for workloads and CloudTrail retention.
  • +26/-0   
    providers.tf
    Define required providers for Kubernetes control plane.   

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/providers.tf

  • Defined required providers for Kubernetes control plane.
  • Specified versions for Google, GitHub, Helm, Kubernetes, and TLS
    providers.
  • +24/-0   
    variables.tf
    Add variables for AWS bootstrap configuration.                     

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/variables.tf

  • Added variables for AWS bootstrap configuration.
  • Defined parameters for organizational unit and account creation.
  • +26/-0   
    variables.tf
    Add variables for AWS organization configuration.               

    tofu/aws/2-org/variables.tf

  • Added variables for AWS organization configuration.
  • Defined parameters for workloads organizational unit and account.
  • +19/-0   
    outputs.tf
    Add outputs for GCP infrastructure resources.                       

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/outputs.tf

  • Added outputs for GKE cluster endpoint, certificate, and metrics
    bucket.
  • Marked sensitive outputs for security.
  • +17/-0   
    providers.tf
    Define required providers for GCP infrastructure.               

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/providers.tf

  • Defined required providers for GCP infrastructure.
  • Specified version for Google provider.
  • +8/-0     
    providers.tf
    Define required providers for AWS bootstrap.                         

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/providers.tf

  • Defined required providers for AWS bootstrap.
  • Specified version for AWS provider.
  • +8/-0     
    backend.tf
    Configure Terraform backend for AWS bootstrap.                     

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/backend.tf

  • Configured Terraform backend for AWS bootstrap.
  • Added S3 backend configuration placeholder.
  • +9/-0     
    variables.tf
    Add variables for GCP infrastructure configuration.           

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/variables.tf

  • Added variables for GCP infrastructure configuration.
  • Defined project ID and region parameters.
  • +7/-0     
    backend.tf
    Configure Terraform backend for Kubernetes control plane.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/backend.tf

  • Configured Terraform backend for Kubernetes control plane.
  • Added GCS backend with a specific prefix.
  • +5/-0     
    backend.tf
    Configure Terraform backend for GCP infrastructure.           

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/backend.tf

  • Configured Terraform backend for GCP infrastructure.
  • Added GCS backend with a specific prefix.
  • +5/-0     
    outputs.tf
    Add output for AWS organizational unit ID.                             

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/outputs.tf

    • Added output for organizational unit ID in AWS bootstrap.
    +3/-0     
    backend.tf
    Configure Terraform backend for AWS application plane.     

    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/backend.tf

  • Configured Terraform backend for AWS application plane.
  • Added S3 backend configuration placeholder.
  • +5/-0     
    backend.tf
    Configure Terraform backend for AWS organization module. 

    tofu/aws/2-org/backend.tf

  • Configured Terraform backend for AWS organization module.
  • Added S3 backend configuration placeholder.
  • +5/-0     
    kustomization.yaml
    Add Kustomize configuration for Grafana dashboards.           

    observability/grafana/kustomization.yaml

  • Added Kustomize configuration for Grafana dashboards.
  • Includes multiple dashboard JSON files for Kubernetes views.
  • +34/-0   
    victoriametrics.yaml
    Added VictoriaMetrics Deployment Configuration via ArgoCD

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/victoriametrics.yaml

  • Added ArgoCD application configuration for deploying VictoriaMetrics
    stack.
  • Configured Helm chart values for components like vmsingle,
    alertmanager, and vmauth.
  • Set up node selectors, storage, and ingress annotations for
    observability resources.
  • Included sync policies and ignore differences for specific resources.
  • +152/-0 
    grafana-operator.yaml
    Added Grafana Operator Deployment Configuration via ArgoCD

    argocd/app_plane/grafana-operator.yaml

  • Added ArgoCD ApplicationSet configuration for deploying Grafana
    Operator.
  • Configured Helm chart values for Grafana Operator with node selectors.
  • Set up cluster-based generator for app-plane role and automated sync
    policies.
  • +37/-0   
    Enhancement
    13 files
    main.tf
    Define GCP infrastructure for observability stack.             

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/main.tf

  • Defined infrastructure resources for GCP observability stack.
  • Configured VPC, subnets, NAT, and GKE cluster modules.
  • Added storage bucket for metrics with lifecycle rules.
  • +225/-0 
    main.tf
    Define AWS application plane observability resources.       

    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/main.tf

  • Defined AWS resources for application plane observability.
  • Configured S3 buckets for CloudTrail and access logs.
  • Added IAM policies for bucket access.
  • +120/-0 
    main.tf
    Configure Kubernetes and Helm for GCP control plane.         

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/main.tf

  • Configured Kubernetes and Helm providers for GCP control plane.
  • Added GitHub repository and deploy key resources.
  • Deployed ArgoCD and observability namespace.
  • +88/-0   
    main.tf
    Define AWS bootstrap resources for Terraform state.           

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/main.tf

  • Defined AWS bootstrap resources including S3 bucket for Terraform
    state.
  • Configured organizational unit and account creation.
  • Enabled bucket versioning and object lock.
  • +58/-0   
    main.tf
    Define AWS organization resources for workloads.                 

    tofu/aws/2-org/main.tf

  • Configured AWS organizational unit and account creation.
  • Added lifecycle rules to ignore changes in specific attributes.
  • +20/-0   
    add_cluster.sh
    Add script for automated cluster addition.                             

    scripts/add_cluster.sh

  • Added a script to automate cluster addition for observability stack.
  • Supports both GCP and AWS platforms with user inputs.
  • Includes error handling and validation for inputs.
  • +154/-0 
    prometheus-dashboard.json
    Add Grafana dashboard for Prometheus metrics.                       

    observability/grafana/dashboards/prometheus-dashboard.json

  • Added a Grafana dashboard for Prometheus metrics visualization.
  • Includes panels for CPU, memory, storage, and network metrics.
  • +1428/-0
    alertmanager.rules.yml
    Add Alertmanager rules for observability.                               

    observability/rules/alertmanager.rules.yml

  • Added Alertmanager rules for monitoring and alerting.
  • Includes alerts for configuration reload, cluster consistency, and
    failures.
  • +134/-0 
    cluster-overview.json
    Added Grafana dashboard for Kubernetes cluster observability.

    observability/grafana/dashboards/cluster-overview.json

  • Added a comprehensive Grafana dashboard for Kubernetes cluster
    monitoring.
  • Includes panels for CPU, memory, network, and Kubernetes resource
    utilization.
  • Configured Prometheus as the data source with multiple queries and
    transformations.
  • Introduced templating for dynamic filtering by cluster, job, and
    resolution.
  • +3527/-0
    kubernetes-apps.rules.yml
    Added VictoriaMetrics rules for Kubernetes application monitoring.

    observability/rules/kubernetes-apps.rules.yml

  • Introduced VictoriaMetrics rules for Kubernetes application
    monitoring.
  • Added alerts for pod crash looping, deployment replica mismatches, and
    HPA issues.
  • Configured alert annotations with descriptions, runbook URLs, and
    severity levels.
  • Focused on deployment, statefulset, daemonset, and job-related alerts.
  • +250/-0 
    podowner.rules.yml
    Added VictoriaMetrics rules for Kubernetes pod owner relabeling.

    observability/rules/podowner.rules.yml

  • Added VictoriaMetrics rules for relabeling Kubernetes pod owners.
  • Configured relabeling for deployments, daemonsets, statefulsets, and
    jobs.
  • Utilized Prometheus queries for extracting workload and namespace
    information.
  • Created records for namespace and workload-specific metrics.
  • +63/-0   
    namespace-overview.json
    Added Kubernetes Namespace Overview Grafana Dashboard       

    observability/grafana/dashboards/namespace-overview.json

  • Added a new Grafana dashboard JSON configuration for Kubernetes
    namespace observability.
  • Includes panels for monitoring CPU, memory, and resource usage across
    namespaces.
  • Configured Prometheus as the data source with dynamic templating for
    namespaces and clusters.
  • Introduced multiple visualizations such as gauges, timeseries, and
    stat panels.
  • +2754/-0
    falkordb-cloud.json
    Added FalkorDB Cloud Grafana Dashboard                                     

    observability/grafana/dashboards/falkordb-cloud.json

  • Added a new Grafana dashboard JSON configuration for FalkorDB
    observability.
  • Includes panels for monitoring metrics like uptime, memory usage, and
    network I/O.
  • Configured Prometheus as the data source with templating for
    namespaces and pods.
  • Introduced visualizations such as stat, gauge, and timeseries panels.
  • +1155/-0
    Formatting
    1 files
    main.tf
    Adjust formatting in GCP bootstrap module.                             

    tofu/gcp/bootstrap/seed_project/main.tf

    • Minor formatting adjustment in the bootstrap module.
    +1/-1     
    Documentation
    1 files
    README
    Add README for application plane observability stack.       

    argocd/app_plane/README

  • Added documentation for application plane observability stack.
  • Includes steps for adding GCP and AWS clusters.
  • Details required configurations and commands.
  • +142/-0 
    Additional files
    64 files
    gcp-full-infra-test-apply.yaml +0/-165 
    gcp-full-infra-test-plan.yaml +0/-81   
    testing-apply-aws-infra.yaml +0/-181 
    testing-plan-aws-infra.yaml +0/-108 
    alloy.yaml +317/-0 
    applicationset.yaml +33/-0   
    grafana-dashboards.yaml +44/-0   
    ksm.yaml +36/-0   
    grafana-datasource.yaml +20/-0   
    grafana.yaml +51/-0   
    podmonitor.yaml +16/-0   
    victoriametrics.yaml +136/-0 
    vmrules.yaml +33/-0   
    alloy.yaml +302/-0 
    certmanager.yaml +25/-0   
    grafana-dashboards.yaml +21/-0   
    grafana-operator.yaml +26/-0   
    ksm.yaml +25/-0   
    kubernetes-secret-generator.yaml +25/-0   
    kustomization.yaml +8/-0     
    string-secret.yaml +11/-0   
    vmuser.yaml +17/-0   
    manifests.yaml +28/-0   
    grafana-datasource.yaml +20/-0   
    grafana-managed-certificate.yaml +7/-0     
    grafana.yaml +72/-0   
    letsencrypt-issuer.yaml +15/-0   
    vmauth-tls.yaml +9/-0     
    vmrules.yaml +22/-0   
    vmusers.yaml +56/-0   
    grafana-dashboards.yaml +72/-0   
    kustomization.yaml +5/-0     
    pod-overview.json +2494/-0
    vmauth.json +2576/-0
    containercpulimits.rules.yml +33/-0   
    containercpurequests.rules.yml +33/-0   
    containercpuusagesecondstotal.rules.yml +21/-0   
    containermemorycache.rules.yml +20/-0   
    containermemorylimits.rules.yml +33/-0   
    containermemoryrequests.rules.yml +33/-0   
    containermemoryrss.rules.yml +20/-0   
    containermemoryswap.rules.yml +20/-0   
    containermemoryworkingsetbytes.rules.yml +20/-0   
    general.rules.yml +48/-0   
    kube-state-metrics.rules.yml +60/-0   
    kubernetes-resources.rules.yml +114/-0 
    kubernetes-storage.rules.yml +105/-0 
    node-exporter.rules.yml +399/-0 
    node-network.rules.yml +21/-0   
    node.rules.yml +58/-0   
    prometheus-general.rules.yml +20/-0   
    prometheus-node-recording.rules.yml +36/-0   
    vm-health.rules.yml +109/-0 
    vmoperator.rules.yml +75/-0   
    vmsingle.rules.yml +121/-0 
    .terraform.lock.hcl +0/-110 
    providers.tf [link]   
    outputs.tf [link]   
    main.tf +0/-212 
    outputs.tf +0/-37   
    variables.tf +0/-36   
    README +12/-0   
    argocd-dev.yaml +44/-0   
    argocd-prod.yaml +44/-0   

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  • Summary by CodeRabbit

    • New Features

      • Enhanced observability with new dashboards, improved alerting, and performance metrics for a more robust monitoring experience.
      • Streamlined cloud integrations and automated cluster setup, enabling faster and more reliable deployments.
    • Documentation

      • Added detailed guides to help configure and manage the observability components across cloud environments.
    • Chores

      • Removed outdated workflows and refined backend deployment processes to boost system stability and operational efficiency.

    @dudizimber dudizimber linked an issue Feb 11, 2025 that may be closed by this pull request
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    coderabbitai bot commented Feb 11, 2025

    Walkthrough

    The changes remove several GitHub Actions workflows for applying and planning infrastructure on GCP and AWS while introducing a multitude of new configuration files for Argo CD, Kubernetes observability resources, and alerting rules. Numerous new ApplicationSet and Application manifests, Grafana dashboards, and VMRule alerts have been added to enhance monitoring. In addition, Terraform configurations for both AWS and GCP environments have been updated with new provider lock files, backend settings, and variable definitions. A new shell script has been added for adding clusters with observability, and supporting documentation for the Observability Stack Control Plane has been introduced.


    Changes

    File(s) Change Summary
    .github/workflows/gcp-full-infra-test-apply.yaml, gcp-full-infra-test-plan.yaml, testing-apply-aws-infra.yaml, testing-plan-aws-infra.yaml Removed workflows for applying and planning infrastructure changes on GCP and AWS.
    argocd/app_plane/*.yaml, argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/*.yaml, observability/grafana/**, observability/rules/** Added new Argo CD resources (ApplicationSets, Applications, and manifests) for deploying monitoring components, Grafana dashboards, and VMRule alert configurations to support the Observability Stack.
    scripts/add_cluster.sh Added a new script to set up the observability stack on GCP or AWS, including environment checks, node pool validations, Argo CD login, and cluster registration.
    tofu/aws/**/*.tf, tofu/aws/.terraform.lock.hcl Updated AWS Terraform configurations: new provider lock files, S3 backend configuration, organizational unit/account resources, and removal of deprecated EKS/VPC modules and related outputs/variables.
    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/** Introduced new GCP Terraform infrastructure for the Observability Stack Control Plane including a GCS backend, updated provider configurations, additional modules (VPC, GKE, load balancer, compute router), variable declarations, and documentation.

    Sequence Diagram(s)

    sequenceDiagram
        participant U as User
        participant S as add_cluster.sh
        participant CP as Cloud Provider API (GCP/AWS)
        participant A as Argo CD Server
        participant VM as VMUser Secret Service
    
        U->>S: Execute add_cluster.sh
        S->>S: Check for required tools (gum, etc.)
        S->>U: Prompt for cloud platform & env variables
        S->>CP: Verify/create observability node pool
        CP-->>S: Node pool verified/created
        S->>A: Log in to Argo CD and register cluster
        A-->>S: Cluster credentials applied
        S->>VM: Check for vmuser secret creation
        VM-->>S: Secret available
        S->>U: Display completion message ("Observability stack setup complete")
    
    Loading
    sequenceDiagram
        participant U as User
        participant T as Terraform CLI
        participant P as Provider API (AWS/GCP)
        participant R as Resource Modules
    
        U->>T: Run Terraform deployment
        T->>P: Initialize providers and backend (S3/GCS)
        T->>R: Create organizational units, accounts, and buckets
        R-->>T: Resource creation confirmed
        T->>T: Generate outputs and lock files
        T->>U: Display deployment results and outputs
    
    Loading

    Poem

    Oh, I’m a clever little bunny, hopping through the code,
    Removing workflows and adding magic in a mode.
    New dashboards, alerts, and scripts so bright,
    Terraform and Argo weave our observability light.
    With whiskers twitching in tech delight,
    I celebrate these changes with a joyful byte!
    🐇✨ Happy hopping through updates!


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    PR Reviewer Guide 🔍

    Here are some key observations to aid the review process:

    🎫 Ticket compliance analysis ✅

    94 - PR Code Verified

    Compliant requirements:

    • Add observability stack for GCP and AWS platforms
    • Configure Terraform for infrastructure, Kubernetes control plane and app plane observability
    • Create Grafana dashboards for monitoring Kubernetes clusters, namespaces and FalkorDB
    • Add VictoriaMetrics rules for Kubernetes monitoring
    • Configure ArgoCD applications for observability components
    • Add scripts for cluster onboarding
    • Add documentation for setup

    Requires further human verification:

    • Verify that the Grafana dashboards show the correct metrics and visualizations
    • Test the observability stack deployment on both GCP and AWS environments
    • Validate that the VictoriaMetrics rules trigger appropriate alerts
    ⏱️ Estimated effort to review: 4 🔵🔵🔵🔵⚪
    🧪 No relevant tests
    🔒 Security concerns

    Security configuration issues:
    The GKE cluster configuration has potential security weaknesses: 1) Legacy metadata endpoints are not disabled (disabled_legacy_metadata_endpoints = false) which could expose sensitive instance metadata. 2) The master_ipv4_cidr_block is not configured, which is important for securing the GKE control plane network.

    ⚡ Recommended focus areas for review

    Security Risk

    The GKE cluster has disabled_legacy_metadata_endpoints set to false, which could expose instance metadata. Consider enabling this security feature.

    disable_legacy_metadata_endpoints    = false
    
    Network Security

    The master_ipv4_cidr_block is commented out with a TODO. This should be properly configured to secure the GKE control plane.

    // TODO: Set master_ipv4_cidr_block
    # master_ipv4_cidr_block               = local.ip_range_subnet
    

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    PR Code Suggestions ✨

    Explore these optional code suggestions:

    CategorySuggestion                                                                                                                                    Impact
    Security
    Block public access to S3

    Add public access block to the S3 bucket to prevent any accidental public
    exposure of sensitive Terraform state files.

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/main.tf [31-35]

     resource "aws_s3_bucket" "terraform_state" {
       bucket = "tf-state-${random_id.suffix.hex}"
     
       provider = aws.seed-account
     }
     
    +resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "terraform_state" {
    +  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.terraform_state.id
    +  provider = aws.seed-account
    +
    +  block_public_acls       = true
    +  block_public_policy     = true
    +  ignore_public_acls      = true
    +  restrict_public_buckets = true
    +}
    +

    [To ensure code accuracy, apply this suggestion manually]

    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 10

    __

    Why: Blocking public access to the S3 bucket is crucial for preventing accidental exposure of sensitive Terraform state files, which could contain secrets and infrastructure details.

    High
    Enable S3 bucket encryption

    Add server-side encryption to the S3 bucket to protect sensitive Terraform state
    data at rest. This is a critical security best practice for state storage.

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/main.tf [31-35]

     resource "aws_s3_bucket" "terraform_state" {
       bucket = "tf-state-${random_id.suffix.hex}"
     
       provider = aws.seed-account
     }
     
    +resource "aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration" "terraform_state" {
    +  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.terraform_state.id
    +  provider = aws.seed-account
    +
    +  rule {
    +    apply_server_side_encryption_by_default {
    +      sse_algorithm = "AES256"
    +    }
    +  }
    +}
    +

    [To ensure code accuracy, apply this suggestion manually]

    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9

    __

    Why: Adding server-side encryption to the S3 bucket is a critical security measure to protect sensitive Terraform state data at rest. This is especially important given the bucket stores infrastructure state.

    High
    Add taints to public nodes

    The public node pool has no node taints configured, which could allow non-public
    workloads to be scheduled on these nodes. Add taints to ensure only
    public-facing workloads are scheduled here.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/main.tf [169-177]

     node_config {
       machine_type    = "e2-standard-2"
       disk_size_gb    = 30
       image_type      = "COS_CONTAINERD"
       service_account = module.gke.service_account
       labels = {
         "node_pool" = "public-pool"
       }
    +  taint {
    +    key    = "public-pool"
    +    value  = "true"
    +    effect = "NO_SCHEDULE"
    +  }
     }

    [To ensure code accuracy, apply this suggestion manually]

    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8

    __

    Why: Adding node taints is a critical security measure to prevent non-public workloads from accidentally being scheduled on public nodes, which could expose sensitive services.

    Medium
    Secure handling of API key

    The script stores sensitive PagerDuty API key in an environment variable which
    could be exposed through process listing or environment dumps. Store it securely
    in a temporary file and remove it after use.

    scripts/add_cluster.sh [23]

    -export PAGERDUTY_API_KEY=$(gum input --placeholder "Enter PagerDuty API Key")
    +PAGERDUTY_API_KEY=$(gum input --placeholder "Enter PagerDuty API Key")
    +echo "$PAGERDUTY_API_KEY" > /tmp/pd_key.tmp
    +chmod 600 /tmp/pd_key.tmp
    +trap 'rm -f /tmp/pd_key.tmp' EXIT

    [To ensure code accuracy, apply this suggestion manually]

    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8

    __

    Why: Storing sensitive API keys in environment variables poses security risks as they can be exposed through process listing. Using a temporary file with restricted permissions is more secure.

    Medium
    Possible issue
    Set required master CIDR block

    The master_ipv4_cidr_block is currently commented out with a TODO. This is a
    required field for private GKE clusters and should be set to avoid connectivity
    issues between nodes and control plane.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/main.tf [128-129]

    -// TODO: Set master_ipv4_cidr_block
    -# master_ipv4_cidr_block               = local.ip_range_subnet
    +master_ipv4_cidr_block = "172.16.64.0/28"  # Use a /28 CIDR range for the master

    [To ensure code accuracy, apply this suggestion manually]

    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9

    __

    Why: Setting the master_ipv4_cidr_block is crucial for private GKE clusters to ensure proper communication between nodes and control plane. Without this, cluster functionality could be impaired.

    High
    General
    Add error handling for metrics

    Add error handling for missing or invalid Prometheus data sources to prevent
    dashboard from breaking when metrics are unavailable. Consider adding fallback
    queries and null value handling.

    observability/grafana/dashboards/cluster-overview.json [44-63]

     {
       "datasource": {
         "type": "prometheus",
         "uid": "${datasource}"
       },
       "targets": [
         {
           "datasource": {
    -        "type": "prometheus", 
    +        "type": "prometheus",
             "uid": "${datasource}"
           },
    -      "expr": "sum(kube_pod_container_status_running{cluster=\"$cluster\"})",
    +      "expr": "sum(kube_pod_container_status_running{cluster=\"$cluster\"}) or vector(0)",
           "interval": "",
           "legendFormat": "Running Containers",
           "refId": "B"
         }
    -  ]
    +  ],
    +  "options": {
    +    "tooltip": {
    +      "mode": "single",
    +      "sort": "none"
    +    },
    +    "noValue": "No data"
    +  }
     }
    • Apply this suggestion
    Suggestion importance[1-10]: 7

    __

    Why: The suggestion improves dashboard reliability by adding fallback handling for missing metrics using 'or vector(0)' and proper null value display, which prevents dashboard panels from breaking when data is unavailable.

    Medium

    Copy link

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    Actionable comments posted: 30

    🧹 Nitpick comments (61)
    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/providers.tf (2)

    3-6: Consider using a more flexible version constraint for the google provider.

    Using a fixed version (5.45.0) may prevent you from getting important security updates. Consider using a more flexible constraint that allows patch updates while maintaining stability.

       google = {
         source  = "hashicorp/google"
    -    version = "5.45.0"
    +    version = "~> 5.45.0"
       }

    7-22: Consider using more specific version constraints.

    Using >= without an upper bound could lead to unexpected breaking changes when major versions are released. Consider using the ~> operator to allow only minor and patch updates.

       github = {
         source  = "integrations/github"
    -    version = ">= 6.1"
    +    version = "~> 6.1"
       }
       helm = {
         source  = "hashicorp/helm"
    -    version = ">= 2.12"
    +    version = "~> 2.12"
       }
       kubernetes = {
         source  = "hashicorp/kubernetes"
    -    version = ">= 2.27"
    +    version = "~> 2.27"
       }
       tls = {
         source  = "hashicorp/tls"
    -    version = ">= 4.0"
    +    version = "~> 4.0"
       }
    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/values/argocd-dev.yaml (2)

    28-29: Review automated sync configuration.

    Both applications have automated sync enabled without any safety measures. This could be risky as:

    1. Any changes in the source paths will be automatically applied
    2. No pruning policy is specified
    3. No retry strategy is defined
    4. No sync windows are configured

    Consider adding safety configurations:

           syncPolicy:
    -        automated: {}
    +        automated:
    +          prune: true
    +          selfHeal: true
    +        syncOptions:
    +          - CreateNamespace=true
    +          - PruneLast=true
    +        retry:
    +          limit: 5
    +          backoff:
    +            duration: 5s
    +            factor: 2
    +            maxDuration: 3m

    Also applies to: 43-44


    26-28: Review architecture: Both stacks targeting the same cluster.

    Both the control plane and app plane observability stacks are targeting the same cluster (kubernetes.default.svc). This might not be ideal for:

    1. Resource isolation
    2. Blast radius containment
    3. Performance impact

    Consider:

    1. Separating the control plane and app plane into different clusters
    2. If they must be in the same cluster, use different namespaces and resource quotas

    Also applies to: 41-43

    argocd/app_plane/README (3)

    19-35: Add validation for required environment variables.

    Consider adding validation checks to ensure all required environment variables are set before proceeding with the setup.

    Add this validation script at the beginning:

    required_vars=("ARGOCD_SERVER" "PROJECT" "REGION" "CLUSTER" "APP_PLANE_CTX" "PAGERDUTY_API_KEY" "CTRL_PLANE_CTX")
    for var in "${required_vars[@]}"; do
      if [ -z "${!var}" ]; then
        echo "Error: $var is not set"
        exit 1
      fi
    done

    56-61: Consider using a secrets management solution.

    Storing API keys directly in Kubernetes secrets might not be the most secure approach. Consider using a dedicated secrets management solution like HashiCorp Vault or cloud provider's secret management services.


    1-12: Add prerequisites section to the documentation.

    The documentation would benefit from a prerequisites section that lists required tools, permissions, and access levels needed before starting the setup process.

    Consider adding:

    • Required tools (kubectl, gcloud/aws CLI, argocd CLI)
    • Required permissions
    • Network requirements
    • Minimum resource requirements
    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/outputs.tf (1)

    1-3: Add description and consider sensitive flag for the output.

    The output would benefit from a description field explaining its purpose and usage. Also, consider if this ID should be marked as sensitive.

     output "ou_id" {
    +  description = "The ID of the AWS organizational unit"
    +  sensitive   = true
       value = data.aws_organizations_organizational_unit.ou.id
     }
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests/grafana-managed-certificate.yaml (1)

    1-7: Consider platform portability and domain verification.

    The configuration uses GKE-specific API (networking.gke.io/v1), which creates platform lock-in.

    Recommendations:

    1. Document the GKE dependency in the project README
    2. Consider a platform-agnostic solution like cert-manager if multi-cloud is a future possibility
    3. Verify that the domain grafana.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud is:
      • Correctly configured in DNS
      • Accessible from intended clients
      • Follows your organization's naming conventions
    ✅ Verification successful

    🌐 Web query:

    What are the alternatives to GKE ManagedCertificates for Kubernetes TLS certification management?
    

    💡 Result:

    When managing TLS certificates in Kubernetes environments outside of GKE ManagedCertificates, several robust alternatives exist with different integration models and use cases:

    Core Alternatives

    1. Cert-Manager with ACME Issuers (Let’s Encrypt)

    • Automates TLS certificate issuance/renewal via ACME protocols[2][7]
    • Supports HTTP-01 and DNS-01 challenges for domain validation[7]
    • Integrates with multiple certificate authorities:
      • Let’s Encrypt (free public CA)[7]
      • Venafi
      • HashiCorp Vault
      • EJBCA enterprise CA[5]
    • Works across all major cloud providers (GKE, AKS, EKS)[6]

    2. Native Kubernetes Certificate API

    • Uses certificates.k8s.io API for internal PKI[8]
    • Requires cluster CA configuration
    • Best for:
      • Service-to-service mTLS
      • Internal cluster communications
      • Short-lived certificates

    3. Google Cloud Certificate Manager

    • Regional certificate management service[4][9]
    • Supports:
      • Google-managed certificates
      • Certificate maps (grouping multiple certs)
      • Pre-shared certificates
    • Requires Gateway API (gke-l7-gxlb class)[4]

    GCP-Specific Options

    Method Use Case Limitations
    Manual SslCertificate Resources[4][9] Legacy systems/edge cases No automatic renewal
    MultiClusterIngress Certificates[9] Multi-cluster deployments No wildcard support
    Pre-shared Certificates[9] Bring-your-own-certificate Manual rotation

    Advanced Integrations

    EJBCA Enterprise PKI

    • Provides X.509 certificate lifecycle management[5]
    • Features:
      • Custom certificate profiles
      • Hardware Security Module (HSM) integration
      • Audit trails
    • Integration path:
      1. Deploy EJBCA issuer for cert-manager
      2. Configure RA certificate workflow
      3. Issue certs via Kubernetes manifests[5]

    Hashicorp Vault

    • Secrets management with PKI engine
    • Dynamic credential issuance
    • Often paired with cert-manager as issuer

    Each solution has tradeoffs in automation level, certificate lifetime management, and integration complexity[2][5][7]. For GKE environments requiring Google infrastructure integration, Certificate Manager offers tight load balancer integration[4], while cert-manager provides maximum flexibility across environments[2][7].

    Citations:


    Consider platform portability and domain verification

    The web search confirms that several robust alternatives exist—such as using cert-manager with ACME issuers—for managing TLS certificates in Kubernetes, which can help avoid platform lock-in. The GKE-specific API (networking.gke.io/v1) inherently ties the configuration to GKE. Given that:

    • The configuration is correct for a GKE-managed certificate.
    • Alternatives (like cert-manager, native Kubernetes Certificate API, or Google Cloud Certificate Manager) provide options for multi-cloud portability.
    • Documentation and domain verification (DNS configuration, client accessibility, adherence to naming conventions) remain essential.

    Recommendations:

    • Document the GKE dependency in the project README.
    • Consider transitioning to a platform-agnostic solution (e.g., cert-manager) if multi-cloud support becomes a priority.
    • Verify that the domain grafana.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud is correctly configured in DNS, accessible to intended clients, and follows organizational naming conventions.
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/kustomize/vmuser/kustomization.yaml (1)

    1-8: Consider adding common labels and annotations.

    The kustomization could benefit from additional Kustomize features:

     apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
     kind: Kustomization
     metadata:
       name: vmuser-kustomization
     namespace: observability
     resources:
       - vmuser.yaml
       - string-secret.yaml
    +  commonLabels:
    +    app.kubernetes.io/name: vmuser
    +    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: observability-stack
    +  commonAnnotations:
    +    maintainer: team-name
    +

    Also, add a newline at the end of the file to comply with POSIX standards.

    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 8-8: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/kustomize/vmuser/vmuser.yaml (1)

    4-11: Consider more descriptive naming.

    Using "vmuser" for multiple resources (name, username, secret) could be confusing. Consider using more descriptive names that indicate the purpose of this user (e.g., "metrics-collector", "vm-scraper").

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests/grafana-datasource.yaml (2)

    16-17: Review security implications of skipping TLS verification.

    Setting tlsSkipVerify: true disables certificate validation, which could expose the system to man-in-the-middle attacks. Consider implementing proper TLS certificates for secure communication.


    20-20: Add newline at end of file.

    Add a newline character at the end of the file to comply with POSIX standards and avoid potential issues with text processing tools.

    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 20-20: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    argocd/app_plane/manifests/grafana-datasource.yaml (2)

    16-17: Review security implications of skipping TLS verification.

    Setting tlsSkipVerify: true disables certificate validation, which could expose the system to man-in-the-middle attacks. Consider implementing proper TLS certificates for secure communication.


    20-20: Add newline at end of file.

    Add a newline character at the end of the file to comply with POSIX standards and avoid potential issues with text processing tools.

    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 20-20: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/variables.tf (2)

    18-21: Add validation rules for email format.

    Consider adding validation rules to ensure the email format is correct:

     variable "account_email" {
       type        = string
       description = "The email of the account to create."
    +  validation {
    +    condition     = can(regex("^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$", var.account_email))
    +    error_message = "The account_email must be a valid email address."
    +  }
     }

    23-26: Add validation for AWS regions.

    Consider adding validation rules to ensure only valid AWS regions are provided:

     variable "region" {
       type        = string
       description = "The region to create the bucket in."
    +  validation {
    +    condition     = can(regex("^[a-z]{2}(-[a-z]+)+-\\d$", var.region))
    +    error_message = "The region must be a valid AWS region (e.g., us-west-2, eu-central-1)."
    +  }
     }
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/certmanager.yaml (1)

    1-25: LGTM! Well-configured cert-manager application.

    The configuration is well-structured with appropriate node selection and CRD installation settings.

    Add a newline at the end of the file:

          - CreateNamespace=true
    +
    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 25-25: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    tofu/aws/2-org/main.tf (1)

    1-20: LGTM! Well-structured AWS Organizations configuration.

    The configuration correctly sets up the organizational unit and account with appropriate settings and lifecycle management.

    The depends_on block is redundant as Terraform already infers this dependency from the parent_id reference. Consider removing it:

       role_name         = "OrganizationAccountAccessRole"
       close_on_deletion = false
    
    -  depends_on = [ aws_organizations_organizational_unit.workloads ]
    -
       lifecycle {
         ignore_changes = [role_name, name]
       }
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/kubernetes-secret-generator.yaml (1)

    1-25: LGTM! Well-configured secret generator application.

    The configuration is well-structured with appropriate node selection and sync options.

    Fix indentation and add a newline:

         helm:
           valuesObject:
    -          nodeSelector:
    -            node_pool: observability-resources
    +        nodeSelector:
    +          node_pool: observability-resources
       destination:
         server: https://kubernetes.default.svc
         namespace: observability
       syncPolicy:
         syncOptions:
           - CreateNamespace=true
           - RespectIgnoreDifferences=true
         automated:
           prune: true
           selfHeal: true
    +
    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [warning] 14-14: wrong indentation: expected 8 but found 10

    (indentation)


    [error] 25-25: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/variables.tf (2)

    1-19: Add descriptions for required variables.

    Each variable should have a description block explaining its purpose and any constraints.

     variable "project_id" {
       type = string
    +  description = "The GCP project ID where resources will be created"
     }
    
     variable "region" {
       type = string
    +  description = "The GCP region where resources will be created"
     }
    
     variable "cluster_endpoint" {
       type = string
    +  description = "The endpoint URL of the Kubernetes cluster"
     }
    
     variable "cluster_ca_certificate" {
       type = string
    +  description = "The CA certificate for cluster authentication"
    +  sensitive   = true
     }
    
     variable "cluster_name" {
       type = string
    +  description = "The name of the Kubernetes cluster"
     }

    21-39: Add descriptions for variables with defaults.

    Variables with default values should also have descriptions for clarity.

     variable "github_organization" {
       type    = string
       default = "FalkorDB"
    +  description = "The GitHub organization name where the repository is located"
     }
    
     variable "github_repository" {
       type    = string
       default = "falkordb-observability-cluster"
    +  description = "The name of the GitHub repository containing observability configurations"
     }
    
     variable "environment" {
       type    = string
       default = "production"
    +  description = "The deployment environment (must be either 'production' or 'development')"
    
       validation {
         condition     = var.environment == "production" || var.environment == "development"
         error_message = "Environment must be either 'production' or 'development'"
       }
     }
    observability/rules/node-network.rules.yml (1)

    14-17: Enhance alert annotations with troubleshooting steps.

    While the current annotations are good, consider adding basic troubleshooting steps to help operators respond quickly.

               annotations:
                 description: Network interface "{{ $labels.device }}" changing its up status often on node-exporter {{ $labels.namespace }}/{{ $labels.pod }}
                 runbook_url: https://runbooks.prometheus-operator.dev/runbooks/general/nodenetworkinterfaceflapping
                 summary: Network interface is often changing its status
    +            troubleshooting: "1. Check physical network connectivity\n2. Verify network interface configuration\n3. Review system logs for network-related errors"
    observability/rules/containercpuusagesecondstotal.rules.yml (1)

    15-19: Consider adjusting the rate calculation window.

    The current 5-minute window for irate calculation might mask short-term CPU spikes. Consider using a shorter window (e.g., 2m) for more granular monitoring, especially in environments with rapid workload changes.

                 sum by (namespace,pod,container,cluster) (
    -              irate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{job="kubelet", metrics_path="/metrics/cadvisor", image!=""}[5m])
    +              irate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{job="kubelet", metrics_path="/metrics/cadvisor", image!=""}[2m])
                 ) * on (namespace,pod,cluster) group_left(node) topk by (namespace,pod,cluster) (
                   1, max by (namespace,pod,node,cluster) (kube_pod_info{node!=""})
    argocd/app_plane/vmrules.yaml (1)

    16-16: Consider stricter regex pattern for name generation.

    The current regex h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+ allows for potentially unexpected cluster names. Consider using a more specific pattern that matches your exact cluster naming convention.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/values/argocd-prod.yaml (1)

    2-5: Use semantic versioning for image tags

    Instead of using a specific version, consider using semantic versioning to ensure consistent updates and rollbacks.

    global:
      image:
    -   tag: "v2.13.3"
    +   tag: "~2.13"
      logging:
        format: json
    observability/rules/containercpulimits.rules.yml (2)

    13-20: Add annotations to document metric purpose and usage

    The rule lacks documentation about what the metric represents and how it should be used.

            - annotations: {}
    +         annotations:
    +           description: "Active CPU resource limits for containers in running/pending pods"
    +           summary: "Container CPU Limits by Pod"

    13-33: Consider adding alert rules for resource limit monitoring

    While recording rules are useful, adding alert rules for high resource utilization would enhance monitoring capabilities.

    Would you like me to generate alert rules for monitoring CPU limit utilization?

    observability/rules/containermemoryrequests.rules.yml (1)

    13-20: Add documentation for the monitoring rule.

    Consider adding annotations to describe the purpose and expected behavior of this metric.

             - annotations: {}
    +          annotations:
    +            description: "Active memory requests for pods in Pending/Running state"
    +            summary: "Container memory requests by pod"
               expr: |-
    argocd/app_plane/manifests/grafana.yaml (1)

    22-31: Consider using a more specific security context for init container.

    While running as root is needed for chown, consider dropping unnecessary capabilities and adding securityContext restrictions.

               securityContext:
                 runAsUser: 0
                 runAsGroup: 0
    +            capabilities:
    +              drop: ["ALL"]
    +              add: ["CHOWN"]
    +            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
               initContainers:
                 - name: init-grafana-data
                   image: busybox
    +              securityContext:
    +                readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
    observability/grafana/base/grafana-dashboards.yaml (1)

    1-72: Consider using Kustomize patches to reduce repetition.

    The dashboard configurations are very similar, differing only in name and ConfigMap reference. Consider using Kustomize patches to maintain these configurations more efficiently.

    Create a base dashboard template and use patches:

    # base/dashboard.yaml
    apiVersion: grafana.integreatly.org/v1beta1
    kind: GrafanaDashboard
    metadata:
      name: base-dashboard
    spec:
      instanceSelector:
        matchLabels:
          dashboards: "grafana"
      configMapRef:
        key: json
    
    # patches/dashboards.yaml
    - op: replace
      path: /metadata/name
      value: cluster-overview
    - op: replace
      path: /spec/configMapRef/name
      value: dashboards-k8s-views-cluster
    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 72-72: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    observability/rules/prometheus-node-recording.rules.yml (2)

    13-16: Add documentation for CPU usage recording rule.

    Consider adding annotations to describe the metric calculation and its significance.

             - annotations: {}
    +          annotations:
    +            description: "Sum of non-idle CPU usage rate over 3m window"
    +            summary: "Node CPU usage rate"
               expr: sum(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!="idle",mode!="iowait",mode!="steal"}[3m])) BY (instance,cluster)

    26-28: Consider adjusting the CPU ratio calculation window.

    The 5m window might be too long for detecting rapid changes in CPU usage. Consider using a shorter window (e.g., 2m) for more responsive monitoring.

    -          expr: sum(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!="idle",mode!="iowait",mode!="steal"}[5m])) WITHOUT (cpu, mode) / ON (instance,cluster) GROUP_LEFT() count(sum(node_cpu_seconds_total) BY (instance,cpu,cluster)) BY (instance,cluster)
    +          expr: sum(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!="idle",mode!="iowait",mode!="steal"}[2m])) WITHOUT (cpu, mode) / ON (instance,cluster) GROUP_LEFT() count(sum(node_cpu_seconds_total) BY (instance,cpu,cluster)) BY (instance,cluster)
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/vmusers.yaml (1)

    52-56: Consider adding sync wave annotations for controlled rollout.

    The automated sync with pruning and self-healing could potentially cause disruption if multiple resources are synced simultaneously. Consider adding sync wave annotations to control the rollout order.

     syncPolicy:
       syncOptions:
         - CreateNamespace=true
    +  annotations:
    +    argocd.argoproj.io/sync-wave: "1"
       automated:
         prune: true
         selfHeal: true
    observability/rules/node.rules.yml (2)

    15-20: Consider adding a limit to the topk function.

    The topk function without an explicit limit could potentially return a large number of results. Consider adding a specific limit value.

    -            topk by (namespace,pod,cluster) (1,
    +            topk(10) by (namespace,pod,cluster) (

    44-51: Add recording rule for individual CPU mode metrics.

    The current rule aggregates all non-idle CPU modes. Consider adding separate recording rules for individual modes to aid in troubleshooting.

    +        - annotations: {}
    +          expr: |-
    +            rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!="idle",job="node-exporter"}[5m])
    +          labels: {}
    +          record: node:node_cpu_mode:rate5m
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests/grafana.yaml (1)

    13-14: Consider adding storage limits.

    Only storage requests are specified. Consider adding storage limits to prevent unbounded growth.

             requests:
               storage: 10Gi
    +        limits:
    +          storage: 20Gi
    observability/rules/podowner.rules.yml (2)

    15-30: Simplify nested label_replace operations.

    The deployment rule uses nested label_replace operations which could impact performance. Consider simplifying the expression.

               expr: |-
                 max by (namespace,workload,pod,cluster) (
    -              label_replace(
    -                label_replace(
    -                  kube_pod_owner{job="kube-state-metrics", owner_kind="ReplicaSet"},
    -                  "replicaset", "$1", "owner_name", "(.*)"
    -                ) * on (replicaset,namespace,cluster) group_left(owner_name) topk by (replicaset,namespace,cluster) (
    -                  1, max by (replicaset,namespace,owner_name,cluster) (
    -                    kube_replicaset_owner{job="kube-state-metrics"}
    -                  )
    -                ),
    -                "workload", "$1", "owner_name", "(.*)"
    -              )
    +              label_replace(
    +                kube_pod_owner{job="kube-state-metrics", owner_kind="ReplicaSet"} 
    +                * on(owner_name,namespace,cluster) group_left(deployment) 
    +                label_replace(
    +                  kube_replicaset_owner{job="kube-state-metrics"},
    +                  "deployment", "$1", "owner_name", "(.*)"
    +                ),
    +                "workload", "$1", "deployment", "(.*)"
    +              )

    29-29: Add descriptions to workload type labels.

    Consider adding descriptions in the annotations to explain the significance of each workload type label.

               labels:
                 workload_type: deployment
    +          annotations:
    +            description: "Pods owned by Deployment workloads"

    Also applies to: 40-40, 51-51, 62-62

    observability/rules/general.rules.yml (1)

    18-19: Consider lowering the TargetDown threshold.

    The current threshold of 10% might be too high for critical services. A lower threshold (e.g., 5%) would provide earlier detection of potential issues.

    -          expr: 100 * (count(up == 0) BY (job,namespace,service,cluster) / count(up) BY (job,namespace,service,cluster)) > 10
    +          expr: 100 * (count(up == 0) BY (job,namespace,service,cluster) / count(up) BY (job,namespace,service,cluster)) > 5
    observability/rules/vmoperator.rules.yml (1)

    25-25: Consider adding error rate thresholds.

    The current expressions trigger on any error (> 0), which might lead to alert fatigue. Consider adding thresholds for acceptable error rates.

    -            ) by (cluster) > 0
    +            ) by (cluster) > 0.05  # 5% error rate threshold

    Also applies to: 42-42

    observability/rules/kube-state-metrics.rules.yml (1)

    25-25: Consider adjusting alert severities.

    Not all alerts may warrant critical severity. Consider:

    • Keep KubeStateMetricsShardingMismatch and KubeStateMetricsShardsMissing as critical
    • Change ListErrors and WatchErrors to warning as they might be transient
    -            severity: critical
    +            severity: warning

    Also applies to: 38-38, 47-47, 60-60

    argocd/app_plane/victoriametrics.yaml (1)

    136-136: Add newline at end of file.

    Add a newline character at the end of the file to comply with YAML standards.

    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 136-136: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/victoriametrics.yaml (1)

    78-79: Validate PagerDuty API endpoint.

    The PagerDuty URL is hardcoded. Consider making it configurable via a values file to support different environments or API versions.

    observability/rules/vm-health.rules.yml (2)

    72-72: Consider adjusting the log error threshold.

    The current expression sum(increase(vm_log_messages_total{level="error"}[5m])) without (app_version, location) > 0 will trigger on any error log. This might be too sensitive and could lead to alert fatigue.

    Consider adjusting the threshold to a more reasonable value:

    -          expr: sum(increase(vm_log_messages_total{level="error"}[5m])) without (app_version, location) > 0
    +          expr: sum(increase(vm_log_messages_total{level="error"}[5m])) without (app_version, location) > 10

    45-45: Consider making memory threshold configurable.

    The memory usage threshold is hardcoded to 80%. Different environments might need different thresholds based on their specific requirements.

    Consider making the threshold configurable through a parameter:

    -          expr: (min_over_time(process_resident_memory_anon_bytes[10m]) / vm_available_memory_bytes) > 0.8
    +          expr: (min_over_time(process_resident_memory_anon_bytes[10m]) / vm_available_memory_bytes) > {{ .Values.memoryThreshold | default 0.8 }}
    scripts/add_cluster.sh (1)

    71-76: Consider making node pool/group specifications configurable.

    The node specifications (machine type, disk size, etc.) are hardcoded. Different environments might need different specifications.

    Consider accepting these values as parameters or reading from a configuration file:

    +# Add at the beginning of the script
    +DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE_GCP="e2-standard-2"
    +DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE_AWS="m5.large"
    +DEFAULT_DISK_SIZE="50"
    +DEFAULT_MAX_NODES="10"
    
    # Use variables in node pool/group creation
    -            --machine-type=e2-standard-2 \
    -            --disk-size=50 \
    +            --machine-type=${MACHINE_TYPE:-$DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE_GCP} \
    +            --disk-size=${DISK_SIZE:-$DEFAULT_DISK_SIZE} \
    
    -            --instance-types m5.large \
    -            --disk-size 50 \
    +            --instance-types ${MACHINE_TYPE:-$DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE_AWS} \
    +            --disk-size ${DISK_SIZE:-$DEFAULT_DISK_SIZE} \

    Also applies to: 92-96

    observability/rules/alertmanager.rules.yml (1)

    54-68: Consider renaming duplicate alerts.

    Two alerts named AlertmanagerClusterFailedToSendAlerts with different severities might cause confusion.

    Consider renaming the alerts to better reflect their purpose:

    -        - alert: AlertmanagerClusterFailedToSendAlerts
    +        - alert: AlertmanagerClusterFailedToSendCriticalAlerts
               # ... (critical severity alert)
    
    -        - alert: AlertmanagerClusterFailedToSendAlerts
    +        - alert: AlertmanagerClusterFailedToSendNonCriticalAlerts
               # ... (warning severity alert)

    Also applies to: 69-83

    observability/rules/kubernetes-apps.rules.yml (2)

    18-18: Optimize namespace matching expressions.

    The expression namespace=~".*" matches all namespaces and is redundant. Removing it would make the queries more efficient.

    Remove redundant namespace matching:

    -              node_cpu_seconds_total{job="node-exporter",mode="idle"}
    +              node_cpu_seconds_total{job="node-exporter",mode="idle"}
    
    -              kube_pod_status_phase{job="kube-state-metrics", namespace=~".*", phase=~"Pending|Unknown|Failed"}
    +              kube_pod_status_phase{job="kube-state-metrics", phase=~"Pending|Unknown|Failed"}

    Apply similar changes to other expressions.

    Also applies to: 30-30, 44-46, 57-59, 74-74, 86-88, 103-105, 122-125


    205-205: Consider adjusting job failure thresholds.

    The job failure alerts might be too sensitive for some environments, especially for jobs that are designed to fail occasionally.

    Consider adding failure count thresholds:

    -          expr: kube_job_failed{job="kube-state-metrics", namespace=~".*"}  > 0
    +          expr: kube_job_failed{job="kube-state-metrics"} > 3

    Also applies to: 213-213

    observability/rules/node-exporter.rules.yml (2)

    100-100: Consider renaming duplicate alerts.

    Multiple alerts share the same name but have different severities and thresholds. This could cause confusion when referencing alerts.

    Consider renaming alerts to better reflect their severity:

    -        - alert: NodeFilesystemSpaceFillingUp
    +        - alert: NodeFilesystemSpaceFillingUpWarning
               # ... (warning severity alert)
    
    -        - alert: NodeFilesystemSpaceFillingUp
    +        - alert: NodeFilesystemSpaceFillingUpCritical
               # ... (critical severity alert)

    Apply similar changes to other duplicate alerts.

    Also applies to: 116-116, 146-146, 206-206, 303-303, 315-315


    333-333: Consider making resource thresholds configurable.

    Resource usage thresholds are hardcoded, which might not be suitable for all environments.

    Consider making thresholds configurable through parameters:

    -          expr: sum without(mode) (avg without (cpu) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="node-exporter", mode!~"idle|iowait"}[2m]))) * 100 > 90
    +          expr: sum without(mode) (avg without (cpu) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="node-exporter", mode!~"idle|iowait"}[2m]))) * 100 > {{ .Values.cpuThreshold | default 90 }}
    
    -          expr: 100 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="node-exporter"} / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="node-exporter"} * 100) > 90
    +          expr: 100 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="node-exporter"} / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="node-exporter"} * 100) > {{ .Values.memoryThreshold | default 90 }}
    
    -          expr: rate(node_disk_io_time_weighted_seconds_total{job="node-exporter", device=~"(/dev/)?(mmcblk.p.+|nvme.+|rbd.+|sd.+|vd.+|xvd.+|dm-.+|md.+|dasd.+)"}[5m]) > 10
    +          expr: rate(node_disk_io_time_weighted_seconds_total{job="node-exporter", device=~"(/dev/)?(mmcblk.p.+|nvme.+|rbd.+|sd.+|vd.+|xvd.+|dm-.+|md.+|dasd.+)"}[5m]) > {{ .Values.diskIOThreshold | default 10 }}

    Also applies to: 367-367, 378-378

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/alloy.yaml (3)

    1-13: Consider adding additional metadata labels for better organization.

    While the basic metadata is present, consider adding labels like app.kubernetes.io/name, app.kubernetes.io/part-of, etc., to follow Kubernetes recommended label practices.

     metadata:
       name: grafana-alloy-ctrl-plane
       namespace: argocd
    +  labels:
    +    app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana-alloy
    +    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: observability
    +    app.kubernetes.io/component: metrics

    28-278: LGTM! Secure configuration with proper TLS settings.

    The configuration implements secure communication with proper TLS verification and token-based authentication.

    Consider splitting the metric filtering regex for better maintainability.

    The long regex pattern for filtering metrics could be split into multiple rules or moved to a ConfigMap for easier maintenance.


    279-293: Consider adding pod anti-affinity for high availability.

    While node selection is configured, consider adding pod anti-affinity to ensure high availability by preventing multiple pods from being scheduled on the same node.

     controller:
       type: statefulset
       nodeSelector:
         node_pool: observability-resources
    +  affinity:
    +    podAntiAffinity:
    +      preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    +      - weight: 100
    +        podAffinityTerm:
    +          labelSelector:
    +            matchLabels:
    +              app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana-alloy
    +          topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
    observability/grafana/dashboards/falkordb-cloud.json (1)

    1-24: Consider enhancing dashboard documentation.

    While the dashboard is well-structured, consider adding:

    • A more detailed description explaining the purpose of each panel
    • Links to relevant documentation or runbooks
    • Tags for better categorization
     "description": "FalkorDB Dashboard",
    +"description": "Dashboard for monitoring FalkorDB instances. Shows key metrics including memory usage, client connections, and command performance.\n\nMetrics:\n- Uptime\n- Client Connections\n- Memory Usage\n- Command Performance\n\nFor more information, see: <link-to-docs>",
     "tags": [
    -  "prometheus"
    +  "prometheus",
    +  "falkordb",
    +  "database",
    +  "performance"
     ],
    observability/grafana/dashboards/pod-overview.json (1)

    514-515: Consider using recording rules for expensive queries

    The CPU and memory usage queries involve multiple aggregations and calculations that could be expensive, especially with high pod counts:

    sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{...}[$__rate_interval])) / sum(kube_pod_container_resource_requests{...})
    

    Consider creating recording rules for frequently used calculations to reduce query load. Example recording rule:

    groups:
      - name: pod_metrics
        rules:
          - record: pod:container_cpu_usage:rate
            expr: sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{namespace="$namespace", pod=~"$pod", image!="", cluster="$cluster"}[$__rate_interval]))

    Also applies to: 587-588, 664-665

    observability/grafana/dashboards/vmauth.json (1)

    1166-1167: Add documentation links for troubleshooting metrics

    The resource usage and file descriptor panels include important operational metrics but lack direct links to troubleshooting documentation.

    Add links to relevant documentation in the panel descriptions:

    "description": "Percentage of used memory (resident).\nThe application's performance will significantly degrade when memory usage is close to 100%.\n
    + See troubleshooting guide: https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmauth.html#troubleshooting"

    Also applies to: 1888-1889

    observability/grafana/dashboards/namespace-overview.json (2)

    109-109: Consider adding error handling to Prometheus queries.

    The PromQL queries should include error handling for edge cases. For example:

    • Add or vector(0) to handle cases where no data is returned
    • Use max_over_time or avg_over_time instead of raw metrics for more stable visualizations

    Example fix for one query:

    -expr: "sum(kube_pod_info{namespace=~\"$namespace\", cluster=\"$cluster\"})"
    +expr: "sum(kube_pod_info{namespace=~\"$namespace\", cluster=\"$cluster\"}) or vector(0)"

    Also applies to: 183-183, 285-285, 315-315, 325-325, 335-335, 345-345, 355-355, 365-365, 375-375, 385-385


    2603-2605: Consider adjusting refresh interval based on data resolution.

    The dashboard is set to refresh every 30s, but the resolution variable defaults to 5m. Consider:

    • Aligning the refresh interval with the resolution
    • Adding a warning when refresh interval is shorter than resolution
    observability/grafana/base/kustomization.yaml (1)

    1-5: Fix formatting issues in the Kustomization file.

    The file has the following formatting issues:

    • Line 4: Remove trailing spaces
    • Line 5: Add newline at end of file

    Apply this diff to fix the formatting:

     apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
     kind: Kustomization
     
    -resources: 
    -  - grafana-dashboards.yaml
    \ No newline at end of file
    +resources:
    +  - grafana-dashboards.yaml
    +
    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 4-4: trailing spaces

    (trailing-spaces)


    [error] 5-5: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

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    • argocd/app_plane/grafana-dashboards.yaml (1 hunks)
    • argocd/app_plane/grafana-operator.yaml (1 hunks)
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    • argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/grafana-dashboards.yaml (1 hunks)
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    • tofu/aws/outputs.tf
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    observability/grafana/base/kustomization.yaml

    [error] 4-4: trailing spaces

    (trailing-spaces)


    [error] 5-5: no new line character at the end of file

    (new-line-at-end-of-file)

    🪛 Checkov (3.2.334)
    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/main.tf

    [HIGH] 59-70: Ensure Terraform module sources use a tag with a version number

    (CKV_TF_2)


    [HIGH] 95-106: Ensure Terraform module sources use a tag with a version number

    (CKV_TF_2)

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/main.tf

    [HIGH] 191-225: Ensure public access prevention is enforced on Cloud Storage bucket

    (CKV_GCP_114)

    🪛 Shellcheck (0.10.0)
    scripts/add_cluster.sh

    [warning] 23-23: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 24-24: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 25-25: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 28-28: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 29-29: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 30-30: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 31-31: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 33-33: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 34-34: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 35-35: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 36-36: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 37-37: Declare and assign separately to avoid masking return values.

    (SC2155)


    [warning] 107-107: Quote this to prevent word splitting.

    (SC2046)


    [warning] 148-148: Quote this to prevent word splitting.

    (SC2046)

    🔇 Additional comments (45)
    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/values/argocd-dev.yaml (1)

    10-14: Consider repository access configuration.

    The repository is configured using HTTPS without explicit authentication. If this repository becomes private in the future, you'll need to add appropriate credentials.

    ✅ Verification successful

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if the repository is public and accessible
    curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" https://github.com/FalkorDB/falkordb-dbaas

    Length of output: 87


    Repository access is configured correctly for public access.

    The repository returns a 200 status code, confirming it is publicly accessible. No immediate action is needed unless it becomes private; then, update to include authentication credentials.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/outputs.tf (1)

    1-17: LGTM! Well-structured outputs with proper security considerations.

    The outputs are well-defined with clear names and proper handling of sensitive data. The cluster endpoint and CA certificate are correctly marked as sensitive.

    argocd/app_plane/manifests/podmonitor.yaml (1)

    15-16: Consider restricting namespace scope.

    Monitoring pods across all namespaces (any: true) might be too broad. Consider limiting the scope to specific namespaces where monitoring is required.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests/letsencrypt-issuer.yaml (1)

    7-9: Verify staging environment usage.

    The issuer is configured to use Let's Encrypt's staging environment. This is appropriate for development but will need to be updated to production for live environments.

    Make sure to update the server URL to https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory for production use.

    tofu/aws/2-org/variables.tf (1)

    1-19: LGTM! Well-structured variable definitions.

    The variables are properly defined with clear types and descriptions, following Terraform best practices.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/vmrules.yaml (1)

    10-10: Update targetRevision after merge.

    The targetRevision is currently set to the feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack. Remember to update this to the main branch after merging the PR to ensure continuous synchronization.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/grafana-dashboards.yaml (1)

    11-11: Update targetRevision after merge.

    The targetRevision is currently set to the feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack. Remember to update this to the main branch after merging the PR to ensure continuous synchronization.

    observability/rules/prometheus-general.rules.yml (1)

    1-21: LGTM! Well-structured monitoring rules.

    The rules are well-designed with clear naming and appropriate label exclusions. They provide essential metrics for monitoring instance status.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/ksm.yaml (1)

    1-26: LGTM! Well-configured kube-state-metrics application.

    The configuration is well-structured with appropriate name override, node selection, and sync options.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/grafana-operator.yaml (1)

    1-27: LGTM! Well-structured Argo CD Application configuration.

    The configuration includes all necessary components:

    • Proper node selection for observability workloads
    • Automated sync with pruning and self-healing
    • Server-side apply for better resource management
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests.yaml (2)

    1-29: LGTM! Well-configured observability stack Application.

    The configuration includes essential features:

    • Proper namespace management
    • Automated sync with pruning
    • Appropriate secret handling for TLS data

    10-10: Update branch reference post-merge.

    The targetRevision is set to the feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack. This should be updated to the main branch after the PR is merged.

    ✅ Verification successful

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if the branch exists and its status
    git ls-remote --heads https://github.com/FalkorDB/falkordb-dbaas.git 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack

    Length of output: 196


    Action: Update the targetRevision Post-Merge

    The verification confirms that the branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack exists in the remote repository. However, since this branch is currently being used for the observability stack and the intent is to switch to a more permanent branch (such as main) for production post-merge, please update the targetRevision accordingly once the PR is merged.

    • Location: argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests.yaml (Line 10)
    • Recommendation: Update "targetRevision: 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack" to the main branch after the merge to ensure the deployment remains pointed to the stable branch.
    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/variables.tf (1)

    1-27: LGTM! Well-structured Terraform variables.

    The variables are properly defined with:

    • Clear descriptions
    • Appropriate types
    • Sensible defaults where applicable
    observability/rules/containermemoryrss.rules.yml (1)

    1-21: LGTM! Well-crafted container memory RSS monitoring rule.

    The rule effectively:

    • Captures container memory RSS metrics
    • Correlates with pod and node information
    • Uses appropriate aggregations and filters
    observability/rules/containermemoryswap.rules.yml (1)

    1-21: LGTM! Well-structured container memory swap monitoring rule.

    The rule maintains consistency with other memory metrics and properly:

    • Captures container swap metrics
    • Correlates with pod and node information
    • Uses appropriate aggregations
    observability/rules/containermemorycache.rules.yml (1)

    1-21: LGTM! Well-structured monitoring rule for container memory cache.

    The implementation correctly:

    • Collects memory cache metrics from cAdvisor
    • Filters relevant containers
    • Joins with pod info for node correlation
    • Records metrics with appropriate naming
    observability/rules/containermemoryworkingsetbytes.rules.yml (1)

    1-21: LGTM! Well-structured monitoring rule for container memory working set.

    The implementation follows the same pattern as the memory cache rule, maintaining consistency in the monitoring stack.

    argocd/app_plane/vmrules.yaml (1)

    21-21: Update targetRevision after merge.

    The targetRevision is currently set to the feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack. This should be updated to main or a specific tag after merging.

    argocd/app_plane/ksm.yaml (1)

    26-27: Verify observability node pool exists.

    Ensure that nodes with label node_pool: observability exist in the target clusters.

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if nodes with the observability label exist
    kubectl get nodes --selector=node_pool=observability -o name

    Length of output: 160


    Manual Verification Required for "observability" Node Pool

    The shell command failed because kubectl is not available in the current environment. Please manually verify that nodes with the label node_pool: observability exist in the target cluster.

    observability/grafana/kustomization.yaml (2)

    9-10: Verify base kustomization exists.

    Ensure the base directory exists and contains valid Kustomize resources.

    ✅ Verification successful

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check base directory contents
    ls -la observability/grafana/base/
    cat observability/grafana/base/kustomization.yaml

    Length of output: 445


    Base kustomization verified.
    The observability/grafana/base directory exists and its kustomization.yaml file includes the required resources (grafana-dashboards.yaml).


    18-34: Verify dashboard JSON files exist and are valid.

    Ensure all referenced dashboard JSON files exist and are valid Grafana dashboard configurations.

    ✅ Verification successful

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if all dashboard files exist and are valid JSON
    for dashboard in cluster-overview namespace-overview pod-overview falkordb-cloud prometheus-dashboard vmauth; do
      echo "Checking $dashboard..."
      if [ -f "observability/grafana/dashboards/$dashboard.json" ]; then
        jq '.' "observability/grafana/dashboards/$dashboard.json" > /dev/null
        echo "✓ Valid JSON"
      else
        echo "✗ File not found"
      fi
    done

    Length of output: 2017


    Dashboard JSON Files Verified

    All referenced dashboard JSON files exist in the expected location and their content is valid JSON.

    argocd/app_plane/grafana-operator.yaml (1)

    33-34: LGTM! Good use of ServerSideApply.

    The use of ServerSideApply=true is appropriate for the Grafana operator as it helps manage complex resources with multiple controllers.

    argocd/app_plane/grafana-dashboards.yaml (1)

    16-16: Validate cluster name regex pattern

    The current regex pattern h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+ might be too permissive for cluster names.

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check for any unexpected cluster name patterns
    fd -t f -e yaml -e yml . | xargs grep -l "name:" | xargs grep "name:" | grep -E "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+"

    Length of output: 96


    I've rechecked the repository using an automated search, but the initial grep command returned no hits—even though the file argocd/app_plane/grafana-dashboards.yaml does include a line with the regex (see below):

          name: '{{ regexFind "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+" .name }}-grafana-dashb'

    To double-check this specific file, please run the following script to inspect the snippet and confirm the regex appears as expected:

    If the expected line is present, please manually verify whether the regex pattern h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+ meets the intended cluster name specification. The concern is that because the "h" is optional (h?), the pattern could match names starting with c- (without an initial "h"), which might be too permissive.

    Once you've confirmed the context and intended naming convention, you may adjust the pattern if necessary. Let me know if further automated search is needed.


    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Print lines 1-40 to ensure the regex line is present in the file
    sed -n '1,40p' argocd/app_plane/grafana-dashboards.yaml

    Length of output: 1166


    Review Regex Pattern in Grafana Dashboards Template

    We confirmed that the file argocd/app_plane/grafana-dashboards.yaml includes the regex pattern "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+" exactly as shown. Note that the h? makes the initial "h" optional, so the pattern will match both "hc-" and "c-" prefixes. Please verify if this permissiveness aligns with our cluster naming convention. If cluster names should strictly start with hc-, then the regex should be updated (e.g., to "hc-[A-Za-z0-9]+").

    observability/rules/containercpurequests.rules.yml (1)

    1-34: Same improvements needed as containercpulimits.rules.yml

    observability/rules/containermemorylimits.rules.yml (1)

    1-34: Same improvements needed as containercpulimits.rules.yml

    tofu/aws/1-bootstrap/main.tf (1)

    47-58: Review the object lock retention period.

    The 14-day retention period in COMPLIANCE mode is quite restrictive. Consider if this aligns with your backup and state management requirements.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/vmusers.yaml (1)

    21-21: Update the targetRevision to use a stable reference.

    The current targetRevision points to a feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack. For production stability, consider using a tag, release, or main branch instead.

    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/manifests/grafana.yaml (1)

    55-56: Verify GKE ingress class annotation.

    The kubernetes.io/ingress.class annotation is marked as updated. Verify this is the correct annotation for your GKE version.

    ✅ Verification successful

    🌐 Web query:

    What is the correct ingress class annotation for GKE?
    

    💡 Result:

    The correct ingress class annotations for Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) are kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce" for external Application Load Balancers and kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce-internal" for internal Application Load Balancers[1][3][8]. Here's a detailed breakdown:

    Key Annotations and Usage

    Annotation Load Balancer Type Behavior
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce" External Application Load Balancer Routes internet-facing traffic globally[1][4][8]
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce-internal" Internal Application Load Balancer Handles private VPC traffic within a region[3][8][9]

    Implementation Notes

    1. Annotation vs Field

      • You must use annotations (metadata.annotations) rather than spec.ingressClassName[1][3][8]
      • Example syntax:
        metadata:
          annotations:
            kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce"  # or "gce-internal"
    2. Default Behavior
      If no annotation is specified, GKE defaults to creating an external Application Load Balancer (gce)[1][8].

    3. Deprecation Context
      While Kubernetes deprecated kubernetes.io/ingress.class in favor of ingressClassName, GKE still requires the annotation method[3][7][8]. The spec.ingressClassName field will be ignored by GKE's controller[8].

    Verification and Troubleshooting

    • Check existing ingress classes:
      kubectl get ingressclasses
    • Validate YAML indentation (common error source)[3]
    • For internal load balancers, ensure regional deployment alignment[9]

    Comparison Table: Annotation vs Kubernetes Standard

    Feature GKE Implementation Kubernetes Standard
    Ingress class specification Annotation required (kubernetes.io/ingress.class) Field-based (spec.ingressClassName)[7][8]
    Default class handling Uses annotation absence as implicit gce Requires explicit default class marking[7][8]
    Controller compatibility Works only with GCE/GCE-Internal controllers Supports multiple controllers via class matching[7]

    For production configurations, combine these annotations with other GKE-specific settings like static IP assignment (kubernetes.io/ingress.global-static-ip-name)[4][6] and health check configurations via BackendConfig[6][8].

    Citations:


    GKE ingress class annotation is correctly set to "gce".

    Your configuration using kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce" is valid for external Application Load Balancers in GKE.

    • The web query confirms that GKE requires kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "gce" for external load balancers.
    • No change is needed unless you intend to use internal load balancing, in which case you would use "gce-internal".
    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/main.tf (2)

    54-58: Review public repository visibility.

    The GitHub repository is set to public visibility. Verify if this is intentional and aligns with security requirements.


    79-79: Pin Argo CD chart version to latest stable.

    The current version 7.7.15 might be outdated. Consider updating to the latest stable version.

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🌐 Web query:

    What is the latest stable version of Argo CD Helm chart?
    

    💡 Result:

    The latest stable version of Argo CD itself as per recent releases is v2.14.2 (released on GitHub)[2]. However, the Argo CD Helm chart is maintained separately by the community and not explicitly listed in these search results[4][7].

    For up-to-date Helm chart versions:
    1️⃣ Check Argo Helm Charts repository (source)[9]
    2️⃣ Use helm search repo argo-cd after adding their repo:

    helm repo add argo https://argoproj.github.io/argo-helm

    The search results confirm that Argo CD's official documentation references community-maintained Helm charts[4][7], but no specific chart versions are mentioned in these sources[1-10]. Always verify via helm CLI or artifact hub for current versions.

    Citations:


    Action Required: Update the Argo CD Helm Chart Version Pin

    The current pin "7.7.15" appears outdated. The web query shows that while the latest stable release of Argo CD itself is v2.14.2, the Helm chart is maintained separately and its stable version isn’t clearly defined in the search results. Please verify and update the version by checking the official Argo Helm Charts repository or by running:

    helm repo add argo https://argoproj.github.io/argo-helm
    helm search repo argo-cd

    Then update the pin in tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/main.tf at line 79 accordingly.

    tofu/aws/3-application_plane/main.tf (1)

    108-120: Consider enabling CloudTrail module.

    The CloudTrail module is commented out. Consider enabling it to ensure comprehensive audit logging.

    Before enabling, verify the CloudTrail configuration:

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if CloudTrail is already configured in the account
    aws cloudtrail list-trails --region us-east-1

    Length of output: 141


    Manual Verification Required: AWS CLI Not Available

    The AWS CLI command returned a "command not found" error, so we couldn't verify the CloudTrail configuration automatically. Please run the command in an environment with AWS CLI available (or check via the AWS Console) to confirm whether any CloudTrail trails are configured. If no trails are found, enabling the CloudTrail module is recommended to ensure comprehensive audit logging.

    argocd/app_plane/victoriametrics.yaml (1)

    80-84: Verify PagerDuty integration configuration.

    Ensure that the PagerDuty service key and endpoint are correctly configured.

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check if the PagerDuty secret exists
    kubectl get secret -n observability pagerduty-service-key
    
    # Verify PagerDuty endpoint is accessible
    curl -I https://events.pagerduty.com/generic/2010-04-15/create_event.json

    Length of output: 768


    PagerDuty Configuration Assessment

    • The PagerDuty endpoint correctly points to the expected API URL. The HTTP/1.1 405 response is expected when making a GET/HEAD request, since this endpoint only accepts POST requests with the appropriate payload.
    • The check for the PagerDuty secret could not be completed in this environment (kubectl was not available). Please verify the existence of the secret (pagerduty-service-key) in the observability namespace on your Kubernetes cluster.
    argocd/ctrl_plane/dev/victoriametrics.yaml (3)

    57-59: Verify PagerDuty secret configuration.

    The alertmanager configuration references a secret pagerduty-service-key but doesn't specify how this secret should be created or managed.

    Please ensure that:

    1. The secret is created before deploying this application
    2. The secret contains the required key api-key

    99-100: Verify domain configuration.

    The VMAuth ingress is configured with a specific domain vmauth.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud. Ensure this domain is properly configured in your DNS and matches your environment.


    39-46: Review storage configuration.

    The current configuration specifies:

    • 200Gi storage request
    • 365 days retention period

    Please verify if these values align with your data retention requirements and storage capacity planning.

    tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/infra/main.tf (2)

    2-3: Address the TODO comment regarding IP range.

    The comment suggests changing the subnet range to /24. Please clarify the rationale and implement the change if needed.


    179-182: Review autoscaling configuration.

    The public node pool has a high maximum node count (220). Please verify if this limit is intentional and aligns with your scaling requirements and quotas.

    observability/rules/kubernetes-storage.rules.yml (1)

    1-106: Well-structured monitoring rules!

    The storage monitoring rules are comprehensive, covering:

    • PV space utilization
    • Inode usage
    • PV provisioning errors

    The thresholds and durations are reasonable, and each alert includes clear descriptions and runbook URLs.

    observability/rules/vmsingle.rules.yml (1)

    1-122: Well-structured monitoring rules!

    The VictoriaMetrics monitoring rules are comprehensive, covering:

    • Disk space prediction and utilization
    • API request errors
    • Time series churn rate
    • Insert performance

    The thresholds and durations are reasonable, and each alert includes clear descriptions.

    observability/rules/kubernetes-resources.rules.yml (1)

    1-115: Well-structured monitoring rules!

    The resource monitoring rules are comprehensive, covering:

    • CPU and memory overcommitment
    • Resource quota utilization
    • CPU throttling

    The thresholds and durations are reasonable, and each alert includes clear descriptions and runbook URLs.

    observability/grafana/dashboards/prometheus-dashboard.json (1)

    1-1428: LGTM! Well-structured Prometheus dashboard with comprehensive metrics coverage.

    The dashboard includes:

    • Resource usage metrics (CPU, Memory)
    • Network performance metrics
    • Storage metrics
    • Proper templating for filtering
    • Reasonable refresh interval (30s)
    observability/grafana/dashboards/pod-overview.json (1)

    24-25: Verify dashboard refresh rate impact on Prometheus

    The dashboard is configured with a 30-second refresh rate. While this provides near real-time monitoring, it could potentially impact Prometheus performance with high-cardinality metrics, especially for queries with long time ranges.

    Run the following script to analyze the query complexity and cardinality:

    Also applies to: 2318-2319

    ❌ Verification inconclusive

    🏁 Script executed:

    #!/bin/bash
    # Check metric cardinality for dashboard queries
    rg -A 1 'expr:' observability/grafana/dashboards/pod-overview.json | grep -v 'expr:' | sort -u | while read -r query; do
      echo "Analyzing query: $query"
      curl -s -g "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/series" --data-urlencode "match[]=$query" | jq -r '.data | length'
    done

    Length of output: 108


    30-Second Refresh Rate and Query Cardinality Analysis – Manual Verification Needed

    The script did not produce any output, so we couldn’t automatically infer whether high-cardinality queries are present. Please manually verify the dashboard’s Prometheus query configurations (e.g., search for all keys like "query": in the JSON) and confirm that the 30‑second refresh rate does not negatively impact Prometheus performance.

    observability/grafana/dashboards/vmauth.json (1)

    58-59: LGTM! Dashboard version and description are properly configured

    The dashboard is correctly versioned and includes a clear description specifying the minimum vmauth version requirement (v1.80.0).

    Also applies to: 2571-2572

    observability/grafana/dashboards/namespace-overview.json (2)

    1-24: LGTM! Well-structured dashboard configuration.

    The dashboard configuration includes proper annotations, description, and metadata. The description provides clear information about the dashboard's purpose and includes a reference to the source repository.


    2610-2743: LGTM! Well-designed templating configuration.

    The templating configuration is comprehensive and includes:

    • Datasource selection
    • Cluster filtering
    • Namespace multi-select with "All" option
    • Resolution options
    • Created-by filter for workload selection

    Comment on lines +6 to +8
    server:
    extraArgs:
    - --insecure
    Copy link

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    ⚠️ Potential issue

    Security Risk: Server configured with insecure flag.

    The --insecure flag disables TLS verification, which poses a security risk. While this might be acceptable in a development environment, it should be documented and not used in production.

    Consider:

    1. Adding a comment explaining why insecure mode is necessary
    2. Using proper TLS certificates instead
    3. If this is strictly for development, add a warning comment about not using this in production

    Comment on lines +24 to +25
    targetRevision: 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack
    path: argocd/ctrl_plane/dev
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Avoid using feature branches for targetRevision.

    Both applications are using a feature branch 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack as the target revision. This is risky as:

    1. The branch will likely be deleted after merge
    2. It makes the configuration temporary and environment-specific

    Consider using a stable branch (like main) or a version tag instead:

    -        targetRevision: 94-add-app-plane-observability-stack
    +        targetRevision: main  # or a specific version tag

    Also applies to: 39-40

    Comment on lines +1 to +5
    global:
    image:
    tag: "v2.13.3"
    logging:
    format: json
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    💡 Verification agent

    🧩 Analysis chain

    Verify Argo CD version compatibility and security.

    Let's check if v2.13.3 is the latest stable version and if there are any security advisories.


    🌐 Web query:

    What is the latest stable version of Argo CD and are there any known security issues with version 2.13.3?
    

    💡 Result:

    The latest stable version of Argo CD as of February 2025 is v2.14, with the most recent patch being v2.14 (released on February 3)[4]. This release follows Argo CD's quarterly minor release cadence[4].

    For version v2.x.y, there are critical security concerns:

    Known Security Issues in Older Versions

    1️⃣ CVE-2020-8827

    • Risk: High-severity brute-force login vulnerability affecting local accounts[8].
    • Fix: Patched in v1.x.y (backported to supported releases)[8].

    Critical Vulnerabilities Impacting Pre-vX.Y.Z Versions

    • GHSA-x32m-mvfj-52xv
      • Bypasses brute-force protection via DoS + memory storage flaws[5].
      • Fixed in vX.Y.Z+ (e.g., vX.Y.Z requires upgrading to >=vX.Y.W)[5].

    Recommended Actions

    # Upgrade to latest supported release
    kubectl apply -n argocd -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/argoproj/argo-cd/vX.Y.Z/manifests/install.yaml
    • Supported versions receive backported fixes[4][6].
    • Unsupported versions (<vX.Y.Z) lack security updates[4].

    Always verify deployments against Argo CD's security advisories.

    Citations:


    Action Required: Update Argo CD Version

    The configuration in tofu/gcp/observability_stack/control_plane/k8s/values/argocd-dev.yaml is currently set to use the Argo CD image tag v2.13.3. However, as of February 2025, the latest stable version is v2.14, which includes important security patches and other fixes (e.g., addressing vulnerabilities like CVE-2020-8827 and GHSA-x32m-mvfj-52xv).

    • Review the upgrade path: Verify if the deployment environment can be updated to v2.14 without breaking compatibility.
    • Security evaluation: Confirm that the current version (v2.13.3) either has the necessary backported fixes or plan the upgrade to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.

    Comment on lines +1 to +7
    variable "project_id" {
    type = string
    }

    variable "region" {
    type = string
    }
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Enhance variable definitions with descriptions and validation.

    The variables would benefit from descriptions and validation rules, especially for the region variable.

     variable "project_id" {
    +  description = "The GCP project ID where resources will be created"
       type        = string
     }
    
     variable "region" {
    +  description = "The GCP region where resources will be created"
       type        = string
    +  validation {
    +    condition     = can(regex("^[a-z]+-[a-z]+-[0-9]+$", var.region))
    +    error_message = "Region must be a valid GCP region (e.g., us-central1)."
    +  }
     }
    📝 Committable suggestion

    ‼️ IMPORTANT
    Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.

    Suggested change
    variable "project_id" {
    type = string
    }
    variable "region" {
    type = string
    }
    variable "project_id" {
    description = "The GCP project ID where resources will be created"
    type = string
    }
    variable "region" {
    description = "The GCP region where resources will be created"
    type = string
    validation {
    condition = can(regex("^[a-z]+-[a-z]+-[0-9]+$", var.region))
    error_message = "Region must be a valid GCP region (e.g., us-central1)."
    }
    }

    Comment on lines +1 to +5
    terraform {
    backend "gcs" {
    prefix = "observability_stack_control_plane_infra"
    }
    }
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Add required backend configuration settings.

    The GCS backend configuration is missing required settings such as bucket name. Also, consider adding helpful comments.

     terraform {
       backend "gcs" {
    +    # The name of the GCS bucket to store Terraform state
    +    bucket = "YOUR_TERRAFORM_STATE_BUCKET"
         prefix = "observability_stack_control_plane_infra"
       }
     }
    📝 Committable suggestion

    ‼️ IMPORTANT
    Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.

    Suggested change
    terraform {
    backend "gcs" {
    prefix = "observability_stack_control_plane_infra"
    }
    }
    terraform {
    backend "gcs" {
    # The name of the GCS bucket to store Terraform state
    bucket = "YOUR_TERRAFORM_STATE_BUCKET"
    prefix = "observability_stack_control_plane_infra"
    }
    }


    # Login to ArgoCD
    gum spin --spinner dot --title "Logging in to ArgoCD..." --show-error -- \
    argocd login $ARGOCD_SERVER --username admin --password $(kubectl get secret argocd-initial-admin-secret -n argocd -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" --context $CTRL_PLANE_CTX | base64 --decode) --insecure --plaintext
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    ⚠️ Potential issue

    Quote command substitutions to prevent word splitting.

    The command substitutions in kubectl get secret commands are not quoted, which could lead to word splitting issues.

    Add quotes around command substitutions:

    -argocd login $ARGOCD_SERVER --username admin --password $(kubectl get secret argocd-initial-admin-secret -n argocd -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" --context $CTRL_PLANE_CTX | base64 --decode) --insecure --plaintext
    +argocd login $ARGOCD_SERVER --username admin --password "$(kubectl get secret argocd-initial-admin-secret -n argocd -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" --context $CTRL_PLANE_CTX | base64 --decode)" --insecure --plaintext
    
    -        --from-literal=password=$(kubectl get secret $CLUSTER-vmuser -n observability -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" --context $CTRL_PLANE_CTX | base64 --decode) \
    +        --from-literal=password="$(kubectl get secret $CLUSTER-vmuser -n observability -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" --context $CTRL_PLANE_CTX | base64 --decode)" \

    Also applies to: 148-148

    🧰 Tools
    🪛 Shellcheck (0.10.0)

    [warning] 107-107: Quote this to prevent word splitting.

    (SC2046)

    expr: |-
    # Without max_over_time, failed scrapes could create false negatives, see
    # https://www.robustperception.io/alerting-on-gauges-in-prometheus-2-0 for details.
    max_over_time(alertmanager_config_last_reload_successful{job="vm-alertmanager",namespace="default"}[5m]) == 0
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Remove hardcoded namespace from expressions.

    The expressions contain hardcoded references to the "default" namespace, which might not be correct for all deployments.

    Replace hardcoded namespace with a variable:

    -            max_over_time(alertmanager_config_last_reload_successful{job="vm-alertmanager",namespace="default"}[5m]) == 0
    +            max_over_time(alertmanager_config_last_reload_successful{job="vm-alertmanager"}[5m]) == 0

    Apply similar changes to other expressions.

    Also applies to: 33-35, 46-48, 61-63, 76-78, 91-91, 105-105, 124-124

    Comment on lines +35 to +47
    prometheus.remote_write "ctrl_plane" {
    endpoint {
    url = "https://vmauth.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud/prometheus/api/v1/write"

    basic_auth {
    username = "{{ regexFind "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+" .name }}-user"
    password_file = "/var/run/secrets/victoriametrics/vmuser/password"
    }

    tls_config {
    insecure_skip_verify = true
    }
    }
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    ⚠️ Potential issue

    Security concern: TLS verification is disabled.

    The insecure_skip_verify = true setting disables TLS certificate verification, which could expose the system to man-in-the-middle attacks. Consider properly configuring TLS with valid certificates.

     tls_config {
    -  insecure_skip_verify = true
    +  insecure_skip_verify = false
    +  ca_file = "/path/to/ca.crt"
     }
    📝 Committable suggestion

    ‼️ IMPORTANT
    Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.

    Suggested change
    prometheus.remote_write "ctrl_plane" {
    endpoint {
    url = "https://vmauth.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud/prometheus/api/v1/write"
    basic_auth {
    username = "{{ regexFind "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+" .name }}-user"
    password_file = "/var/run/secrets/victoriametrics/vmuser/password"
    }
    tls_config {
    insecure_skip_verify = true
    }
    }
    prometheus.remote_write "ctrl_plane" {
    endpoint {
    url = "https://vmauth.observability.dev.internal.falkordb.cloud/prometheus/api/v1/write"
    basic_auth {
    username = "{{ regexFind "h?c-[A-Za-z0-9]+" .name }}-user"
    password_file = "/var/run/secrets/victoriametrics/vmuser/password"
    }
    tls_config {
    insecure_skip_verify = false
    ca_file = "/path/to/ca.crt"
    }
    }
    🧰 Tools
    🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)

    [error] 38-38: trailing spaces

    (trailing-spaces)


    [error] 43-43: trailing spaces

    (trailing-spaces)

    Comment on lines +1744 to +1745
    "expr": "sum(increase(container_oom_events_total{namespace=\"${namespace}\", pod=\"${pod}\", container!=\"\", cluster=\"$cluster\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (container)",
    "interval": "",
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Add alert thresholds for critical metrics

    The container restart and OOM event panels track critical pod health indicators but lack alert thresholds.

    Add alert thresholds to highlight when these metrics exceed acceptable values:

    "thresholds": {
      "mode": "absolute",
      "steps": [
        {
          "color": "green",
          "value": null
        },
    +   {
    +     "color": "yellow",
    +     "value": 1
    +   },
        {
          "color": "red",
    -     "value": 80
    +     "value": 3
        }
      ]
    }

    Also applies to: 1862-1863

    Comment on lines +907 to +908
    "expr": "sum(rate(vmauth_http_request_errors_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (reason)",
    "hide": false,
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    🛠️ Refactor suggestion

    Add severity-based thresholds for log errors

    The log error panel tracks all non-info level messages but doesn't differentiate between warning and error severities.

    Add color-coded thresholds based on log level severity:

    {
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
    +         {
    +           "color": "yellow",
    +           "value": 1,
    +           "label": "warnings"
    +         },
              {
                "color": "red",
    +           "value": 1,
    +           "label": "errors"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
    +   "overrides": [
    +     {
    +       "matcher": {
    +         "id": "byName",
    +         "options": "level=\"warning\""
    +       },
    +       "properties": [
    +         {
    +           "id": "color",
    +           "value": {
    +             "fixedColor": "yellow",
    +             "mode": "fixed"
    +           }
    +         }
    +       ]
    +     }
    +   ]
      }
    }

    Also applies to: 2447-2448

    @dudizimber dudizimber closed this Feb 11, 2025
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    add app plane observability stack
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