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Bash basics
A simple guide to get comfortable with the command line.
- pwd: prints full path to the current directory
- ls: lists the contents of the current directory
- cd [dir]: Moves to a different directory
- mkdir [dir]: Makes a new directory
On a Mac, open up the Terminal program.
Start by entering pwd and hit enter. This is a utility. pwd gives you the full directory path to where you currently are.
Now enter ls. This utility lists the contents of the current directory. Basically like taking a quick look around you.
Let's move around. First, see where you can move to by entering ls -F. the -F is a flag, which is basically an option for a utility. -F lists the contents but tells us which is a directory and which is a file.
Now enter cd followed by the name of a directory (the argument) to change directory. For example, cd projects would move you into the projects folder. Then you can type ls again to see what is in there.
To go back up one level, cd ...
To navigate multiple subdirectories, cd projects/2015/map.
If you start typing a directory or file name that exists and hit the tab key, it will autocomplete for you. If there is more than one possibilty they will be listed. Saves time.
To create a new directory, type mkdir and the name of the new directory. For example, mkdir images.