refactor(go): bump the module version and support go install

[qwqcode]

BREAKING CHANGE: The original Go module name was github.com/ArtalkJS/Artalk, but it has now been updated to github.com/ArtalkJS/Artalk/v2. This modification may impact the CI if you're compiling Artalk and passing a -ldflags -X version flag. The frontend UI client remains unaffected, and this change only concerns server-side developers.

Follow Go Mod File Retract:

If a module is released at major version v2 or higher, its path must have a major version suffix. A module with a major version suffix may be defined in one of two subdirectories: one with the suffix, and one without. For example, suppose a new version of the module above is released with the path example.com/monorepo/foo/bar/v2. Its go.mod file may be in either foo/bar or foo/bar/v2.

https://go.dev/ref/mod#go-mod-file-retract

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 32.16%. Comparing base (a98a50a) to head (df26393).
Report is 11 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
internal/config/meta/gen/main.go	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #979   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   32.16%   32.16%           
=======================================
  Files         205      205           
  Lines        6842     6842           
=======================================
  Hits         2201     2201           
  Misses       4487     4487           
  Partials      154      154           

Flag	Coverage Δ
go	32.16% <0.00%> (ø)

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[qwqcode]

Since the binary file name after go install must match the module name, the module name had to be changed to all lowercase. This ensures that the artalk command can be found in the command line (rather than using the capitalized Artalk as the binary program name).

golang/go#44469