diff --git a/wca-guidelines.md b/wca-guidelines.md
index cd8e6dfe..9ecdac2c 100644
--- a/wca-guidelines.md
+++ b/wca-guidelines.md
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - <label>[CLARIFICATION] Information to address any possible questions about interpretation of the Regulations.
 - <label>[EXPLANATION] Information that clarifies the intent of Regulations.
 - <label>[RECOMMENDATION] Something that is not strictly mandatory, but that should be done if possible.
-- <label>[REMINDER] Information that may be addressed other Regulations/Guideline, but whose relevance is worth reiterating.
+- <label>[REMINDER] Information that may be addressed by other Regulations/Guideline, but whose relevance is worth reiterating.
 - <label>[EXAMPLE] An example of how to apply a Regulation.
 
 
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 
 ## <article-1><officials><officials> Article 1: Officials
 
+- 1c+) [CLARIFICATION] "The WCA Delegate" refers to anyone fulfilling the role of a WCA Delegate at a competition.
 - 1c3+) [RECOMMENDATION] Results should be ready at the end of the last day of competition.
 - 1c3++) [ADDITION] Physical records (e.g. score sheets, written solutions from Fewest Moves Solving) must be retained for a minimum of one month. Digital records (e.g. scramble sequences, results) must be retained permanently.
 - 1c3b+) [CLARIFICATION] If there are multiple groups, it is not necessary to identify which competitor was in which groups.
@@ -47,11 +48,15 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 
 - 2c+) [ADDITION] First-time competitors should register using their legal name. They may register using a reasonable nickname, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 - 2c++) [ADDITION] Competitors must not provide intentionally misleading information, and returning competitors should provide information consistent with past information (e.g. exact name and WCA ID).
+- 2c1+) [ADDITION] The requirements for a completed registration must be clearly stated on the competition website.
+- 2c1++) [EXAMPLE] For example, the organization team may require a confirmation e-mail to be answered before a particular date, pre-payment of the registration fee, or paying due registration fees of past competitions. The organization team should carefully consider the fairness of the requirements.
 - 2d+) [ADDITION] Date of birth and contact information should be especially secured.
 - 2d++) [RECOMMENDATION] If a third party (e.g. journalist) asks the organization team to be put in contact with any competitor(s), the competitor(s) should first be asked for consent.
 - 2e+) [CLARIFICATION] If a competitor holds multiple citizenship, they may choose which country to represent at their first competition.
+- 2e++) [ADDITION] The WCA Delegate should also verify the name and date of birth by means of documents (e.g. a passport) of every new competitor at their first competition.
 - 2e3+) [CLARIFICATION] Stateless competitors have no national records and rankings, nor continental records and rankings.
 - 2h+) [CLARIFICATION] Competitors may be barefoot for Solving With Feet.
+- 2i1b+) [CLARIFICATION] This includes relevant devices which are switched off or disconnected.
 - 2j2+) [EXAMPLE] For example, if a competitor is disqualified from an event for failing to show up for the final round, their results from earlier rounds remain valid.
 - 2s+) [REMINDER] Special accommodations must be noted in the Delegate Report.
 
@@ -63,21 +68,22 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - 3a+++) [CLARIFICATION] Competitors may borrow puzzles from other competitors privately, to use in competition.
 - 3a1+) [CLARIFICATION] Competitors may be disqualified if they do not have a puzzle ready to submit soon after they are called (e.g. if they planned to use a puzzle that another competitor is currently using, and therefore cannot submit a puzzle at the moment).
 - 3d1b+) [CLARIFICATION] Patterns do not need to be present on every face, but only on faces where a distinct color cannot be found. Pieces must not have any features (e.g. textures, pattern irregularities) that significantly distinguish them from similar pieces.
-- 3h+) [CLARIFICATION] Puzzles may be refined internally by sanding or lubricating.
+- 3h+) [CLARIFICATION] Puzzles may be refined internally by sanding, lubrication, or modifications which improve stability (e.g. magnets).
 - 3h++) [EXAMPLE] Examples of enhancements include: new moves are possible, normal moves are impossible, more pieces or faces are visible, colors on the backside of the puzzle are visible, moves are done automatically, or the puzzles has more/different solved states.
 - 3h2+) [CLARIFICATION] In the past, "stickerless" puzzles were not permitted. Such puzzles are now permitted.
 - 3h2++) [CLARIFICATION] "Stickerless" puzzles that significantly differ from most mass-produced "stickerless" puzzles are only permitted at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 - 3j+) [REMINDER] In the past, engraved/embossed parts have been permitted. This is no longer permitted.
 - 3j++) [CLARIFICATION] On Clock, pins must not be distinguishable from any other pin of the same side.
-- 3j2+) [CLARIFICATION] On Clock, all eighteen inner clock faces are considered similar pieces.
+- 3j2+) [CLARIFICATION] On Clock, the nine inner clock faces on one side are considered similar pieces.
 - 3l+) [ADDITION] Logos may feature any reasonable design that does not give a conspicuous advantage (e.g. encoding information that could be used to cheat), and leave the colored part clearly recognizable. Unconventional logos are only permitted at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
+- 3l++) [CLARIFICATION] In the past, puzzles with logos have been permitted for blindfolded events. Such puzzles are no longer permitted.
 
 
 ## <article-4><scrambling><scrambling> Article 4: Scrambling
 
 - 4b1+) [REMINDER] The WCA Delegate must never re-generate any scramble sequences to replace other ones for the purpose of filtering. For example, it is not permitted to glance at the scramble sequences for a competition and generate the entire set again in order to generate "fairer" scramble sequences.
 - 4b2+) [CLARIFICATION] In general, all official scramble sequences should be kept secret during the competition and published together after the end of the competition (see [Regulation 1c3a](regulations:regulation:1c3a)). In some cases (e.g. world records), the organization team may wish to release specific scramble sequences sooner after the end of a round.
-- 4b4+) [CLARIFICATION] All attempts that have been started within the time frame follow the standard solving procedure (i.e. they are not stopped when the time frame of the relevant scramble sequence exceeds).
+- 4b4+) [CLARIFICATION] All attempts that have been started within the time frame follow the standard solving procedure (i.e. they are not stopped when the time frame of the relevant scramble sequence expires).
 - 4d+) [CLARIFICATION] Some puzzles use standard color schemes, except that white is replaced with black. In this case, black is the darkest color and must not be treated as white.
 - 4d++) [ADDITION] It is permitted for the puzzle to change its orientation when it is moved from the scrambler to the solving station, as long as no one is attempting to influence the randomness of the orientation (see [Regulation A2e1](regulations:regulation:A2e1)).
 - 4f+) [RECOMMENDATION] The WCA Delegate should generate sufficient scramble sequences for the entire competition ahead of time, including spare scramble sequences for extra attempts.
@@ -88,7 +94,7 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 
 - 5b5+) [EXAMPLE] Examples of parts physically detached, resulting in a solved state: one 3x3x3 center cap, one big cube center piece, an inner piece of a big cube.
 - 5b5++) [EXAMPLE] Examples of parts physically detached, resulting in a "DNF": two 3x3x3 center caps, two big cube center pieces, a 3x3x3 edge piece, a 4x4x4 edge piece ("wing"), any combination of two pieces that both have colored parts.
-- 5b5+++) [EXAMPLE] Example of parts not fully attached, resulting in a solved state: a 5x5x5 center piece twisted in its spot.
+- 5b5+++) [EXAMPLE] Example of parts physically attached but not fully placed, resulting in a solved state: a 5x5x5 center piece twisted in its spot.
 - 5b5++++) [EXAMPLE] Example of parts physically attached but not fully placed, resulting in a "DNF": a 3x3x3 edge piece slightly popped out.
 - 5c+) [REMINDER] If a competitor has a puzzle defect, this does not grant them the right to an extra attempt.
 
@@ -111,7 +117,6 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 
 ## <article-8><competitions><competitions> Article 8: Competitions
 
-- 8a4++) [RECOMMENDATION] The competition should be announced at least one month before the start of the competition.
 - 8a5+) [RECOMMENDATION] The competition should have at least 12 competitors.
 - 8a7+) [ADDITION] Organizers should strongly consider modifications to make Stackmat timers more robust against common incidents, such as making the buttons more difficult to press by accident (e.g. by attaching O-rings around the buttons) and securing the battery more firmly (e.g. by padding the battery compartment).
 
@@ -124,12 +129,15 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - 9f1+) [EXAMPLE] If the timer displays 12.678 for an attempt, the original recorded time is 12.67 (drop any digit after a hundredth of a second). A judge may write the full-precision time on the score sheet (and keep the precision in the calculation of penalties), as long as the score taker truncates it for the official results.
 - 9f4+) [EXPLANATION] The result of an attempt is DNF only if the competitor began the attempt by indicating that they are ready (see [Regulation A3b2](regulations:regulation:A3b2)) but the attempt was disqualified.
 - 9f5+) [CLARIFICATION] The result for an attempt is DNS if the competitor was eligible for the attempt and did not start it (see [Regulation A3b2](regulations:regulation:A3b2)). If the competitor did not qualify for an attempt (e.g. in a combined round), they have no result for the attempt.
+- 9p2+) [CLARIFICATION] Result refers to the single or average that determines the ranking of the corresponding round.
 - 9q+) [RECOMMENDATION] Events and rounds should have at least 2 competitors.
 
 
 ## <article-10><solved-state><solvedstate> Article 10: Solved State
 
+- 10e1+) [CLARIFICATION] For Square-1, because of the shape shifting property of the puzzle, the metric for misalignments defined in [Regulation 10f4](regulations:regulation:10f4) is different from the metric for the notation, used by the scrambling program and defined in [Regulation 12c4](regulations:regulation:12c4).
 - 10f+) [EXPLANATION] The misalignment limits are selected so that they provide a natural cutoff between one state of a puzzle (without penalty) and a state one move away.
+- 10f4+) [CLARIFICATION] When counting the moves in case of a misalignment at the end of a solve, x and y are considered separately. Example: (5, 1) is considered one misalignment, (5, 5) is considered two misalignments.
 - 10h1+) [ADDITION] The solved state of Clock is not affected by loose or popped pin caps.
 
 
@@ -141,29 +149,27 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - 11e2++) [EXAMPLE] Suppose a competitor has 5 regularly numbered attempts, and #2 leads to extra attempts. The competitor should do extra attempts until there is a valid extra attempt to replace #2. Suppose later another attempt leads to extra attempts, the competitor should proceed in a similar way as for #2.
 
 
-## <article-12><notation><notation> Article 12: Notation
-
-- 12c2+) [ADDITION] When counting the moves in case of a misalignment at the end of a solve, x and y are considered separately. Example: (5, 1) is considered one misalignment, (5, 5) is considered two misalignments.
-
-
 ## <article-A><speedsolving><speedsolving> Article A: Speed Solving
 
 - A1a2+) [ADDITION] In case of a cumulative time limit, the judge records the original recorded time for a DNF on the score sheet in parentheses, e.g. "DNF (1:02.27)".
-- A1a2++) [CLARIFICATION] Cumulative time limits may be enforced for a single event or a combination of events.
+- A1a2++) [CLARIFICATION] Cumulative time limits may be enforced for a single round or a combination of rounds of different events.
 - A1a2+++) [CLARIFICATION] In case of a cumulative time limit, the result of each remaining attempt in the round is recorded as DNS (Did Not Start) after a competitor reaches the time limit.
+- A1a2++++) [ADDITION] If a cumulative time limit for a single event or a combination of events is enforced, such events don't have a regular time limit per solve.
+- A1a2+++++) [CLARIFICATION] Events where a time limit per attempt is defined by the Regulations (3x3x3 Fewest Moves and 3x3x3 Multi-Blind) must not have a cumulative time limit.
 - A1a3+) [REMINDER] The organization team and the WCA Delegate must be mindful that time limits influence the strategies of the competitors (e.g. rushing the first two attempts in hopes of meeting a cutoff in a combined round), and that changing time limits after the start of the round can disadvantage some competitors unfairly.
 - A1a4+) [REMINDER] If a competitor has accidentally been permitted to exceed the time limit, the time limit must be enforced retroactively, and the judge, competitor, and WCA Delegate should be informed (see [Regulation 1g2](regulations:regulation:1g2)). Judges must always be aware of the time limit for a current attempt (which might depend on previous attempts, in the case of a cumulative time limit).
 - A1c+) [CLARIFICATION] WCA Delegates should only use their discretion to prevent competitors from being a severe detriment to the competition (e.g. wasting time and/or competition resources). Competitors should not be disqualified for a "poor" result when they are competing to the best of their abilities.
 - A2c1+) [REMINDER] In the past, score sheets have been used to cover puzzles while leaving some sides exposed. This is no longer permitted.
-- A3c3+) [CLARIFICATION] The competitor may reset the timer before/during the inspection phase if the judge accidentally neglected to do so. However, it is the responsibility of the judge to make sure the timer has been reset (see [Regulation A3b](regulations:regulation:A3b)). If the competitor accidentally tries to start the solve with a timer that the judge did not reset (i.e. the competitor performs inspection, places hands on the timer for a reasonable length of time, assumes that the timer will start normally, and starts to manipulate the puzzle), the attempt should be replaced by an extra attempt, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
+- A3c3+) [CLARIFICATION] The competitor may reset the timer before/during the inspection phase if the judge accidentally neglected to do so. However, it is the responsibility of the judge to make sure the timer has been reset (see [Regulation A3b](regulations:regulation:A3b)). If the competitor accidentally tries to start the solve with a timer that the judge did not reset (i.e. the competitor performs inspection, places hands on the timer for a reasonable length of time, assumes that the timer will start normally, and starts to operate the puzzle), the attempt should be replaced by an extra attempt, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 - A3c4+) [CLARIFICATION] If the use of a thin object inside the puzzle has been enforced, the judge must not remove the object on behalf of the competitor.
 - A3c4++) [CLARIFICATION] The competitor may remove the object during the solve, if they did not do it during the inspection (e.g. they forgot).
 - A5b+) [CLARIFICATION] While inspecting or solving the puzzle, the competitor may touch the puzzle with any part of their body. Exception: One-Handed Solving and Solving With Feet (see [Regulation C1b](regulations:regulation:C1b) and [Regulation D1b](regulations:regulation:D1b)).
 - A6b+) [EXPLANATION] The arbitrary value of 0.06 seconds was chosen to accommodate concerns about Stackmat timer malfunctions.
-- A6f+) [CLARIFICATION] If the competitor resets the timer before the result was completely recorded, the judge must not write down the result from memory or from video or photographic evidence, and must disqualify the attempt instead (DNF).
+- A6e+) [CLARIFICATION] If the puzzle falls into the lap of the competitor after stopping the timer, this is considered touching the puzzle.
 - A6g+) [ADDITION] While the judge is determining whether to assign a penalty for misalignment, they should not touch the puzzle.
 - A7c+) [ADDITION] If a result signed by a competitor is found to be incomplete or unreadable, it should be interpreted the worst reasonable way (e.g. "1:05" will be considered 1:05.99, "25.X3" will be considered 25.73 if X could be either a 1 or a 7). Given that the Stackmat timer displays a time of X:0Y.ss as X:Y.ss, a missing tens digit should be considered more likely than a missing ones digit (e.g. "1:2.27" will be considered 1:02.27). The judge who signed an ambiguous result may be requested to clarify it, at the discretion of the score taker.
-- A7g+) [EXAMPLE] Examples of incidents that could grant a new competitor an extra attempt: not waiting for the green light, improperly starting or stopping the timer, going over inspection time due to misunderstanding how to start an attempt, or other procedural time penalties.
+- A7c4+) [ADDITION] Missing signatures may be rectified if the responsible judge and/or competitor can be tracked, at the discretion of the score taker.
+- A7g+) [EXAMPLE] Examples of incidents that could grant a new competitor an extra attempt: not waiting for the green light, improperly starting or stopping the timer, going over inspection time due to misunderstanding how to start a solve, or other procedural time penalties.
 - A7g++) [CLARIFICATION] Individual penalties cannot be waived for new competitors. A full extra attempt must be granted.
 - A7g+++) [RECOMMENDATION] The WCA Delegate should use stronger discretion when granting more than one extra attempt to the same new competitor. If more than one extra attempt is granted, it should be for a different incident.
 
@@ -185,6 +191,7 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 ## <article-D><feet><solvingwithfeet> Article D: Solving With Feet
 
 - D1b+) [CLARIFICATION] The competitor may wear socks while solving.
+- D1b++) [CLARIFICATION] In the past, competitors were required to inspect the puzzle using their feet for Solving with Feet. They are now permitted to touch the puzzle with their hands or any other part of their body during inspection (see [Guideline A5b+](guidelines:guideline:A5b+)).
 - D1c+) [REMINDER] While repairing puzzle defects, other body parts must not touch the puzzle.
 
 
@@ -195,7 +202,6 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - E2c++) [CLARIFICATION] The competitor's solution must only use moves that are exactly defined in [Regulation 12a](regulations:regulation:12a). Examples of notation and moves that are not permitted in competition: [F], [R, U], [R: U], R'2, L'w, f, M, U2'.
 - E2e+) [CLARIFICATION] Competitors must not derive solutions from any part of the scramble sequence, and solutions should not share significant parts with the inverse scramble sequence.
 - E2e++) [EXAMPLE] Example of solutions that should result in a disqualification of the attempt (DNF): solutions beginning with the same 4 or more moves as the inverse scramble sequence.
-- E3b+) [REMINDER] "Rubik's Cube" refers only to the standard 3x3x3 puzzle.
 - E3d+) [CLARIFICATION] Any stopwatch or watch used by a competitor must not appear to have any functions that would help the competitor find a solution.
 - E3d++) [CLARIFICATION] Competitors should not consider a personal stopwatch or watch as the official time, and must submit their solution after the judge calls "STOP".
 
@@ -206,3 +212,9 @@ To be more informative, each Guideline is classified using one of the following
 - H1b1++) [ADDITION] The judge may permit the competitor to continue the attempt unofficially, but the attempt must be stopped and judged first, in full accordance with the Regulations.
 - H1d+) [EXAMPLE] Example: Suppose a competitor attempts 10 cubes, stops the solve with a time of 59:57, and has two time penalties. The final result is 59:57 + 2*2 = 60:01 (also see [Regulation A1a5](regulations:regulation:A1a5)).
 - H1d++) [EXAMPLE] Example: Suppose a competitor attempts 10 cubes, the judge stops the competitor at 60 minutes, and the attempt has two time penalties. The final result is 60:00 + 2*2 = 60:04.
+
+
+## <article-Z><optional><optional> Article Z: Optional Regulations
+
+- Z4+) [CLARIFICATION] In case of a competitor limit based upon qualification results or rankings in the WCA world rankings of a previously announced calendar date, the organization team must use only one type of result (i.e. single or average/mean).
+- Z4b+) [EXAMPLE] Examples for reasons which justify a change of the competitor limit after the competition was announced: the venue was changed or the number of registrations is higher than expected.
diff --git a/wca-regulations.md b/wca-regulations.md
index e8439834..d84010e5 100644
--- a/wca-regulations.md
+++ b/wca-regulations.md
@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@
 
 ## Notes
 
+### Translation
+
+Please note that translations are not official versions, even though they are provided on the WCA website for convenience.
+If there is a difference between a translation and the (current official) English version, the English version must be used.
+
 ### WCA Regulations and Guidelines
 
 The WCA Regulations contain the full set of Regulations that apply to all official competitions sanctioned by the World Cube Association.
@@ -40,13 +45,13 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 1c1) Reporting to the WCA Board regarding adherence to WCA Regulations during the competition, the overall course of the competition, and any incidents. The report must be submitted to the WCA Board within one week of the end of the competition.
     - 1c3) Sending the competition results to the WCA Results Team within one week of the end of the competition.
         - 1c3a) All scramble sequences used during a competition must be sent with the results of the competition.
-        - 1c3b) Scramble sequences must be labeled with the events, rounds, and groups for which they were used.
+        - 1c3b) All scramble sequences must be labeled with the events, rounds, and groups for which they were used.
     - 1c4) Sending corrections to the competition results to the WCA Results Team.
     - 1c5) Advising the other officials where necessary.
     - 1c6) Approving all events and round formats of a competition, before the competition starts, and if changes are required during the competition.
-    - 1c7) Decisions about disqualifying competitors during the competition.
+    - 1c7) Deciding about disqualifying competitors during the competition.
     - 1c8) Providing the scramble sequences.
-    - 1c9) Decisions about changes to the scheduled times of rounds. In cases of such changes, a clear announcement must be made to all competitors.
+    - 1c9) Deciding about changes to the scheduled times of rounds. In cases of such changes, a clear announcement must be made to all competitors.
     - 1c10) Making a copy of the WCA Regulations available at the competition.
 - 1e) Each event must have one or more judges.
     - 1e1) A judge is responsible for executing the procedures of the event.
@@ -74,9 +79,9 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 - 2c) Competitors register by providing all information required by the organization team (including: name, country, date of birth, gender, contact information, selected events).
     - 2c1) A competitor is not eligible to compete without a completed registration, as determined by the organization team.
 - 2d) A competitor's name, country, gender, and competition results are considered public information. All other personal information is considered confidential, and must not be disclosed to outside organizations/persons without the consent of the competitor.
-- 2e) Competitors must represent a country of which they hold citizenship. The WCA Delegate should verify citizenship standing by means of documents (e.g. a passport) at their first competition. If a competitor is found ineligible to represent the country under which they have registered, the competitor may be disqualified retroactively and/or suspended, at the discretion of the WCA Board.
+- 2e) Competitors must represent a country of which they hold citizenship. The WCA Delegate should verify citizenship by means of documents (e.g. a passport) at their first competition. If a competitor is found ineligible to represent the country under which they have registered, the competitor may be disqualified retroactively and/or suspended, at the discretion of the WCA Board.
     - 2e1) The eligible countries are defined by the [WCA List of Recognized Countries](https://www.worldcubeassociation.org/regulations/countries/).
-    - 2e2) Competitors with updates to their citizenship status may change their country of representation in their first competition of a calendar year.
+    - 2e2) Competitors with updates to their citizenship status may change their country of representation before or at their first competition of a calendar year. Exception: if the competitor loses citizenship of the country which they were previously representing, they must change the country of representation before or at their next competition.
     - 2e3) Competitors who have no citizenship may compete as "Stateless".
 - 2f) Competitors must obey venue rules and conduct themselves in a considerate manner.
 - 2g) Competitors must remain quiet when inside the designated competition area. Talking is permitted, but must be kept at a reasonable level, and away from competitors who are actively competing.
@@ -85,12 +90,13 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 - 2i) While competing, competitors must not use electronics or audio equipment (e.g. cell phones, MP3 players, dictaphones, additional lighting).
     - 2i1) Competitors may use non-electronic aids that do not give an unfair advantage, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate. This includes:
         - 2i1a) Medical/physical aids worn by the competitor (e.g. glasses, wrist brace). As an exception to [Regulation 2i](regulations:regulation:2i), medical aids may be electronic if the competitor does not have comfortable non-electronic alternatives (e.g. if competitor has a personal hearing aid or pacemaker).
-        - 2i1b) Earplugs and earmuffs (but not electronic noise-cancelling headphones).
+        - 2i1b) Earplugs and earmuffs (but not electronic headphones and earbuds).
     - 2i2) Competitors may use cameras at the solving station at the discretion of the WCA Delegate, but the following restrictions apply from the start of the attempt until the competitor stops the solve. Penalty for breaking a restriction: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
         - 2i2a) Each camera monitor must be blank or out of sight of the competitor (see [Regulation A5b](regulations:regulation:A5b)).
         - 2i2b) The competitor must not interact with (e.g. operate, hold, wear) any active camera. Exception: the competitor may wear a camera mounted on their head, as long as it is out of their sight and it is clear that they are not interacting with it (apart from wearing it).
 - 2j) The WCA Delegate may disqualify a competitor from a specific event.
     - 2j1) If a competitor is disqualified from an event for any reason, they are not eligible for any more attempts in the event.
+        - 2j1a) The results of all remaining attempts in the event are recorded as DNF.
     - 2j2) If a competitor is disqualified during the course of an event, their earlier results remain valid. Exception: cheating or defrauding (see [Regulation 2k2a](regulations:regulation:2k2a)).
 - 2k) At the discretion of the WCA Delegate, a competitor may be disqualified from some events (a single event, multiple events, or all events) if the competitor:
     - 2k1) Fails to check in or register in time for the competition.
@@ -122,9 +128,8 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
         - 3d1a) Blind competitors may use textured puzzles with different textures on different faces. Each face should have a distinct color, to aid in scrambling and judging.
         - 3d1b) Color blind competitors who cannot distinguish between the necessary number of colors may use colored parts with patterns, if it has been explicitly approved according to [Regulation 2s](regulations:regulation:2s). Patterns may come from stickers or be drawn.
     - 3d2) The colors of the colored parts must be solid, with one uniform color per face. Each color must be clearly distinct from the other colors.
-    - 3d3) If the colored parts are tiles or stickers, they must not be thicker than 1.5mm. Exception: Megaminx tiles may be slightly thicker than 1.5mm, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 - 3h) Modifications that enhance the basic concept of a puzzle are not permitted. Modified versions of puzzles are permitted only if the modification does not make any additional information available to the competitor (e.g. orientation or identity of pieces), compared to an unmodified version of the same puzzle.
-    - 3h1) "Pillowed" puzzles are not permitted. Exception: Pillowed 7x7x7 Cubes are permitted.
+    - 3h1) "Pillowed" puzzles are permitted.
     - 3h2) Puzzles whose colored plastic is visible inside the puzzle (e.g. "stickerless" puzzles) are permitted. This does not include the following puzzles:
         - 3h2a) Puzzles with transparent parts. Exception: An overlay sticker (see [Regulation 3l](regulations:regulation:3l)).
     - 3h3) Any modifications to a puzzle that result in poor performance by a competitor are not grounds for additional attempts.
@@ -133,12 +138,14 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 3j1) Puzzles are permitted to have reasonable wear, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
     - 3j2) Definition: Two pieces are similar to each other if they are identical in shape and size, or mirrored in shape and identical in size.
     - 3j3) Corrugated/textured parts which permit the orientation of pieces to be distinguished by feel are not permitted for blindfolded events.
-- 3k) Puzzles must be approved by the WCA Delegate before use in the competition.
-- 3l) A puzzle may have a logo on a colored part. If it does, it must have at most one colored part with a logo.
+- 3k) Puzzles should be approved by the WCA Delegate before use in the competition.
+    - 3k1) If a puzzle is found to be not permitted during a round, the competitor must submit a replacement.
+    - 3k2) Penalty for attempts done with not permitted puzzles: disqualification of the attempt (DNF). Exception: If a puzzle is found to be not permitted during a round, earlier results may be replaced with an extra attempt, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
+- 3l) A puzzle may have a logo on a colored part. If it does, it must have at most one colored part with a logo. Exception: For blindfolded events, a puzzle must not have a logo.
     - 3l1) The logo must be placed on a center piece. Exceptions for puzzles that do not have center pieces:
         - 3l1a) For Pyraminx and 2x2x2, the logo may be on any piece.
         - 3l1b) For Square-1, the logo must be on a piece in the equatorial slice.
-    - 3l2) The logo may be embossed, engraved, or consist of an overlay sticker. Exception: The logo must not be distinguishable by feel for blindfolded events (i.e. no embossings, engravings, or overlay stickers).
+    - 3l2) The logo may be embossed, engraved, or consist of an overlay sticker.
 - 3m) All brands of puzzles and puzzle parts are permitted, as long as the puzzles comply with all WCA Regulations.
 
 
@@ -148,7 +155,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 - 4b) Puzzles must be scrambled using computer-generated random scramble sequences.
     - 4b1) Generated scramble sequences must not be inspected before the competition, and must not be filtered or selected in any way by the WCA Delegate.
     - 4b2) Scramble sequences for a round must be available only to the WCA Delegate and the scramblers for the event, until the end of the round. Exception: For Fewest Moves Solving, competitors receive scrambling sequences during the round (see [Article E](regulations:article:E)).
-    - 4b3) Specification for the scramble program: An official scramble sequence must produce a random state from those that require at least 2 moves to solve (equal probability for each state). The following additions/exceptions apply:
+    - 4b3) Specification for a scramble program: An official scramble sequence must produce a random state from those that require at least 2 moves to solve (equal probability for each state). The following additions/exceptions apply:
         - 4b3a) For blindfolded events, the scramble sequence must orient the puzzle randomly (equal probability for each orientation).
         - 4b3b) 2x2x2 Cube: The (random) state must require at least 4 moves to solve.
         - 4b3c) Skewb: The (random) state must require at least 7 moves to solve.
@@ -162,7 +169,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 4d3) Square-1 is scrambled starting with the darker color on front (out of the 2 possible scrambling orientations).
     - 4d4) Clock is scrambled starting with either side in front and 12 o'clock pointing up.
     - 4d5) Skewb is scrambled starting with the white face (if not possible, then the lightest face) on top and the green face (if not possible, then the darkest adjacent face) on the front-left.
-- 4f) Competition scramble sequences must be generated using the current official version of the official WCA scramble program (available [via the WCA website](https://www.worldcubeassociation.org/regulations/scrambles/)).
+- 4f) Competition scramble sequences must be generated using a current official version of an official WCA scramble program (available [via the WCA website](https://www.worldcubeassociation.org/regulations/scrambles/)).
 - 4g) After scrambling a puzzle, the scrambler must verify that the puzzle is scrambled correctly. If the puzzle state is wrong, the scrambler must correct it (e.g. by solving the puzzle and applying the scramble sequence again).
     - 4g1) Exception: For the 6x6x6 Cube, 7x7x7 Cube, and Megaminx, it is not necessary to correct the puzzle state, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 
@@ -209,26 +216,24 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 8a1) Be approved by the WCA Board.
     - 8a2) Follow the WCA Regulations.
     - 8a3) Have a designated WCA Delegate in attendance.
-    - 8a4) Be announced on the WCA website at least two weeks before the start of the competition.
+    - 8a4) Be announced on the WCA website at least four weeks before the start of the competition. Exception: In special cases, competitions may be announced up to two weeks before, at the discretion of the WCA Board.
     - 8a6) Be publicly accessible.
     - 8a7) Use the authentic Speed Stacks Stackmat timer (Generation 2, Generation 3 Pro Timer, or Generation 4 Pro Timer) for time measurement.
-    - 8a8) Be open to all who wish to compete. Restrictions must be approved by the WCA Board and clearly stated when the competition is announced.
+    - 8a8) Be open to all who wish to compete.
 - 8f) If WCA Regulations are not correctly observed during a competition, results may be modified at the discretion of the WCA Board.
 
 
 ## <article-9><events><events> Article 9: Events
 
-- 9a) The WCA governs competitions for:
-    - 9a1) Puzzles known as Rubik's puzzles.
-    - 9a2) Other puzzles that are manipulated by twisting the sides, commonly known as "twisty puzzles".
-- 9b) The official puzzles and event formats of the WCA are:
-    - 9b1) Rubik's Cube, 2x2x2 Cube, 4x4x4 Cube, 5x5x5 Cube, Clock, Megaminx, Pyraminx, Square-1, Skewb, and Rubik's Cube: One-Handed.
-        - 9b1a) Round formats for these events are: "Best of X" (where X is 1, 2, or 3), and "Average of 5".
-    - 9b2) Rubik's Cube: With Feet, Rubik's Cube: Fewest Moves, 6x6x6 Cube, and 7x7x7 Cube.
+- 9a) The WCA governs competitions for mechanical puzzles that are operated by twisting groups of pieces, commonly known as "twisty puzzles".
+- 9b) The official events of the WCA are:
+    - 9b1) 3x3x3 Cube, 2x2x2 Cube, 4x4x4 Cube, 5x5x5 Cube, 3x3x3 One-Handed, 3x3x3 With Feet, Clock, Megaminx, Pyraminx, Skewb, and Square-1.
+        - 9b1a) Round format for these events is: "Average of 5". For a Combined Round the round format is "Best of 2" for the first phase and "Average of 5" for the second phase. Exception: In special cases, the round format for these events can be "Best of X" (where X is 1, 2, or 3), at the discretion of the WCA Board.
+    - 9b2) 3x3x3 Fewest Moves, 6x6x6 Cube, and 7x7x7 Cube.
         - 9b2a) Round formats for these events are: "Best of X" (where X is 1 or 2) and "Mean of 3".
-    - 9b3) Rubik's Cube: Blindfolded, 4x4x4 Cube: Blindfolded, 5x5x5 Cube: Blindfolded, and Rubik's Cube: Multiple Blindfolded.
+    - 9b3) 3x3x3 Blindfolded, 4x4x4 Blindfolded, 5x5x5 Blindfolded, and 3x3x3 Multi-Blind.
         - 9b3a) Round formats for these events are: "Best of X" (where X is 1, 2, or 3).
-        - 9b3b) For Rubik's Cube: Blindfolded, the WCA also recognizes "Mean of 3" rankings and records based on the times from "Best of 3" rounds.
+        - 9b3b) For 3x3x3 Blindfolded, the WCA also recognizes "Mean of 3" rankings and records based on the times from "Best of 3" rounds.
 - 9f) The results of a round are measured as follows:
     - 9f1) All timed results under 10 minutes are measured and truncated to the nearest hundredth of a second. All timed averages and means under 10 minutes are measured and rounded to the nearest hundredth of a second.
     - 9f2) All timed results, averages, and means over 10 minutes are measured and rounded to the nearest second (e.g. x.4 becomes x, x.5 becomes x+1).
@@ -248,7 +253,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 9f14) For "Mean of 3" and "Average of 5" rounds, if two or more competitors achieve identical average/mean results, rankings are assessed based on the best attempt per competitor, where "better" is defined as the shorter time.
     - 9f15) Competitors who achieve the same result in a round receive an identical ranking for the round.
 - 9g) A Combined Round consists of two phases of attempts, where competitors advance to the second phase if they meet a designated cutoff during the first phase.
-    - 9g2) Whether a competitor proceeds to next phase of a Combined round, must be decided by ranking (best x competitors) or by result (all competitors with a best result under x) of the first phase.
+    - 9g2) Whether a competitor proceeds to next phase of a Combined round must be decided by result (all competitors with a better result than x) of the first phase (see [Regulation 9f12](regulations:regulation:9f12)).
 - 9i) Results of official WCA competitions must be listed on the WCA world rankings.
     - 9i1) The WCA recognizes the following types of regional records: national records, continental records, and world records.
     - 9i2) All the results of a round are considered to take place on the last calendar date of the round. If a regional record is broken multiple times on the same calendar date, only the best result is recognized as breaking that regional record.
@@ -263,8 +268,9 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 - 9o) Combined rounds count as one round when counting the number of rounds per event.
 - 9p) If an event has multiple rounds, then:
     - 9p1) At least 25% of competitors must be eliminated between consecutive rounds of the same event.
-    - 9p2) The competitors who advance to the next round must be determined by either a cutoff ranking or a cutoff time in the preceding elimination round.
-    - 9p3) If a qualifying competitor withdraws from a round, they may be replaced by the best-ranked competitor below the cutoff from the preceding round.
+    - 9p2) The competitors who advance to the next round must be determined by ranking (best x competitors) or by result (all competitors with a better result than x) in the preceding round.
+        - 9p2a) For each round, advancement conditions must be announced before the round starts, and should not be changed after it has begun. Changes must be made at the discretion of the WCA Delegate, who must carefully consider the fairness of the change.
+    - 9p3) If a qualifying competitor withdraws from a round, they may be replaced by the best-ranked non-qualifying competitor from the preceding round.
 - 9s) Each round of each event must have a time limit (see [Regulation A1a](regulations:regulation:A1a)).
 
 
@@ -272,7 +278,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 
 - 10b) Only the resting state of the puzzle, after the timer has been stopped, is considered.
 - 10c) The puzzle may be in any orientation at the end of the attempt.
-- 10d) All parts of a puzzle must be fully attached to the puzzle in their required positions. Exception: see [Regulation 5b5](regulations:regulation:5b5).
+- 10d) All parts of a puzzle must be physically attached to the puzzle and fully placed in their required positions. Exception: see [Regulation 5b5](regulations:regulation:5b5).
 - 10e) A puzzle is solved when all colored parts are reassembled and all parts are aligned within the limits specified below:
     - 10e1) For each two adjacent parts (e.g. two parallel, adjacent slices of a cube) of the puzzle that are misaligned more than the limit described in [Regulation 10f](regulations:regulation:10f), the puzzle is considered to require one additional move to solve (see "Outer Block Turn Metric" in [Article 12](regulations:article:12)).
     - 10e2) If no further moves are required to bring the puzzle to its solved state, the puzzle is considered solved without penalty.
@@ -296,7 +302,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 - 11b) If an incident occurs, the WCA Delegate determines an impartial and appropriate course of action.
 - 11d) If the WCA Regulations are not fully clear or if the incident is not covered by the WCA Regulations, then the WCA Delegate must make a decision based on fair sportsmanship (also see [Regulation 11e3](regulations:regulation:11e3)).
 - 11e) If an incident occurs during an attempt, the WCA Delegate may grant a competitor an extra attempt, replacing the attempt during which the incident occurred. The competitor must appeal verbally or in writing to the judge and WCA Delegate at the time of the incident, before finishing the original attempt, to be eligible for an extra attempt. An appeal does not guarantee the competitor an extra attempt.
-    - 11e1) If a competitor is granted an extra attempt, the extra attempt must be scrambled using a different scramble sequence. This scramble sequence must be generated using the current official version of the official WCA scramble program (see [Regulation 4f](regulations:regulation:4f)).
+    - 11e1) If a competitor is granted an extra attempt, the extra attempt must be scrambled using a different scramble sequence. This scramble sequence must be generated using a current official version of an official WCA scramble program (see [Regulation 4f](regulations:regulation:4f)).
     - 11e2) If a competitor is granted an extra attempt, the extra attempt should be done right after the attempt that caused it, and must replace the original regularly numbered attempt.
     - 11e3) If it is unclear whether an incident should result in an extra attempt, the competitor may be granted a provisional extra attempt that will be used only if it is later found that an extra attempt was appropriate (e.g. by a decision of the WRC).
 - 11f) Decisions about an incident may be supported with video or photographic analysis, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
@@ -322,8 +328,9 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - 12b3) 180 degrees: [f2] or z2, [b2] or z2, [r2] or x2, [l2] or x2, [u2] or y2, [d2] or y2.
 - 12c) Notation for Square-1:
     - 12c1) Moves are applied with one of the two smallest surfaces of the equatorial slice on the left side of the front face.
-    - 12c2) (x, y) means: turn upper layer x times 30 degrees clockwise, turn bottom layer y times 30 degrees clockwise.
+    - 12c2) (x, y) means: turn upper layer x times 30 degrees clockwise, turn bottom layer y times 30 degrees clockwise. x and y must be integers from -5 to 6, and cannot be both equal to 0.
     - 12c3) "/" means: turn the right half of the puzzle 180 degrees.
+    - 12c4) Metric for Square-1: (x, y) counts as one move, "/" counts as one move.
 - 12d) Notation for Megaminx (scrambling notation only):
     - 12d1) Face Moves:
         - 12d1a) Clockwise, 72 degrees: U (upper face).
@@ -349,14 +356,14 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 ## <article-A><speedsolving><speedsolving> Article A: Speed Solving
 
 - A1) Speed Solving attempts must abide by the following procedures.
-    - A1a) The organization team must enforce time limits for attempts and/or rounds.
+    - A1a) The organization team must enforce time limits for solves and/or rounds.
         - A1a1) The default time limit per solve is 10 minutes, though the organization team may announce a higher or lower time limit.
-        - A1a2) Cumulative time limits may be enforced (e.g. 3 results with a cumulative time limit of 20 minutes). The time elapsed in a DNF result counts towards the cumulative time limit.
+        - A1a2) Cumulative time limits may be enforced (e.g. 3 solves with a cumulative time limit of 20 minutes - see [Regulation A1a5](regulations:regulation:A1a5)). The time elapsed in a DNF result counts towards the cumulative time limit.
         - A1a3) For each round, any time limits must be announced before the round starts, and should not be changed after it has begun. Changes must be made at the discretion of the WCA Delegate, who must carefully consider the fairness of the change.
-        - A1a4) The competitor must end each solve within the time limit. If a competitor reaches the time limit for a solve/round, the judge stops the attempt immediately and records the result as DNF. Exception: Multiple Blindfolded Solving (see [Regulation H1b1](regulations:regulation:H1b1)).
+        - A1a4) The competitor must end each solve within the time limit. If a competitor reaches the time limit for a solve/round, the judge stops the solve immediately and records the result as DNF. Exception: Multiple Blindfolded Solving (see [Regulation H1b1](regulations:regulation:H1b1)).
         - A1a5) A solve is considered to meet the time limit if and only if the final result, after any time penalties are applied, is less than the time limit. Exception: Multiple Blindfolded Solving (see [Regulation H1b1](regulations:regulation:H1b1)).
     - A1b) If the time limit for a solve is greater than 10 minutes, a stopwatch must be used for timekeeping.
-        - A1b1) For events with inspection, a Stackmat must be used in addition to the stopwatch. For events without inspection where the competitor is expected to exceed 10 minutes, use of the Stackmat is optional.
+        - A1b1) A Stackmat must be used in addition to the stopwatch. Exception: for events without inspection where the competitor is expected to exceed 10 minutes, use of the Stackmat is optional.
         - A1b2) If a time from the Stackmat timer is available, it is the original recorded time. Otherwise, the stopwatch time is the original recorded time.
     - A1c) A competitor participating in an event must be able to fulfill the event's requirements (e.g. know how to solve the puzzle). A competitor must not compete with expectation of a DNF result or an intentionally poor result. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF)  or disqualification from the event (see [Regulation 2j](regulations:regulation:2j)), at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
 - A2) Scrambling:
@@ -392,7 +399,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
         - A4d3) If a stopwatch is in use, the judge starts the stopwatch as soon as the competitor starts the solve.
     - A4e) Time penalties for starting the solve are cumulative.
 - A5) During the solve:
-    - A5a) While inspecting or solving the puzzle, the competitor must not communicate with anyone other than the judge. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
+    - A5a) While inspecting or solving the puzzle, the competitor must not communicate with anyone other than the judge or the WCA Delegate. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
     - A5b) While inspecting or solving the puzzle, the competitor must not receive assistance from anyone or any object other than the surface (also see [Regulation 2i](regulations:regulation:2i)). Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
 - A6) Stopping the solve:
     - A6a) The competitor stops the solve by releasing the puzzle and then stopping the timer. If a stopwatch is in use, the judge stops the stopwatch as soon as the competitor does this.
@@ -401,10 +408,11 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - A6b) The competitor is responsible for stopping the Stackmat timer correctly.
         - A6b1) If the timer stops before the end of the solve and the timer shows a time strictly below 0.06 seconds, then the attempt is replaced by an extra attempt. A competitor forfeits the right to the additional attempt if the WCA Delegate determines that the timer was stopped deliberately.
         - A6b2) If the timer stops before the end of the solve and displays a time of 0.06 seconds or higher, then the attempt is disqualified (DNF). Exception: if the competitor can demonstrate that the timer malfunctioned, they may receive an extra attempt, at the discretion of the WCA Delegate.
-    - A6c) The competitor must fully release the puzzle before stopping the solve. Penalty: time penalty (+2 seconds).
+    - A6c) The competitor must fully release the puzzle before stopping the timer. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF). Exception: If no moves have been applied after stopping the timer and before releasing the puzzle, a time penalty (+2 seconds) may be assigned instead, at the discretion of the judge.
     - A6d) The competitor must stop the timer using both hands, placed flat on the sensors with palms down. Penalty: time penalty (+2 seconds).
-    - A6e) The competitor must not touch or move the puzzle until the judge has inspected the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF). Exception: If no moves have been applied, a time penalty (+2 seconds) may be assigned instead, at the discretion of the judge.
+    - A6e) After releasing the puzzle, the competitor must not touch or move the puzzle until the judge has inspected the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF). Exception: If no moves have been applied, a time penalty (+2 seconds) may be assigned instead, at the discretion of the judge.
     - A6f) The competitor must not reset the timer until the judge has recorded the result on the score sheet. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF), at the discretion of the judge.
+        - A6f1) If the competitor resets the timer before the result has been completely recorded, the judge must not write down the result from memory or from video or photographic evidence, and must disqualify the attempt instead (DNF).
     - A6g) The judge determines whether the puzzle is solved. They must not make moves or align faces when examining the puzzle. Exception: For Clock, the judge will usually need to pick up the puzzle to verify both faces.
     - A6h) In case of a dispute, moves or alignments must not be applied to the puzzle before the dispute is resolved.
     - A6i) Time penalties for stopping the solve are cumulative.
@@ -413,11 +421,13 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
         - A7a1) If the judge finds that the puzzle is solved, they call "OKAY".
         - A7a2) If the judge assigns any penalties, they call "PENALTY".
         - A7a3) If the result is DNF, the judge calls "DNF".
-    - A7b) The judge records the result on a score sheet.
+    - A7b) The judge records the result on a score sheet and signs next to the result to acknowledge that the result is correct, complete, properly formatted, and clearly readable.
         - A7b1) If penalties are assigned, the judge records the original recorded time displayed on the timer, along with any penalties. The format should be "X + T + Y = F", where X represents the sum of time penalties before/starting the solve, T represents the time displayed on the timer (the "original recorded time"), Y represents a sum of time penalties during/after the solve, and F represents the final result (e.g. 2 + 17.65 + 2 = 21.65). If X and/or Y is 0, the 0 terms are omitted (e.g. 17.65 + 2 = 19.65).
-    - A7c) The judge and competitor must each check the recorded result, and sign (or initial) the score sheet to acknowledge that the result is correct, complete, properly formatted, and clearly readable. This finishes the attempt.
+    - A7c) The competitor must check the recorded result, and sign (or initial) the score sheet to acknowledge that the result is correct, complete, properly formatted, and clearly readable. This finishes the attempt.
         - A7c1) If the competitor or the judge refuses to accept and sign the score sheet, the WCA Delegate must resolve the dispute.
-        - A7c2) The competitor must not sign an attempt on the score sheet before the judge has recorded the final result for that attempt. If a competitor signs (or otherwise marks) an attempt before they have begun it, or before the judge has finished recording the result, they forfeit the attempt and the result will be considered DNS.
+        - A7c2) If the competitor signs (or otherwise marks) an attempt before they have begun it, they forfeit the attempt and the result will be considered DNS.
+        - A7c3) If the competitor signs (or otherwise marks) an attempt after starting the attempt but before the judge has finished recording the result, the attempt will be considered unfinished (DNF).
+        - A7c4) The competitor should not sign an attempt before the judge has recorded and signed the attempt. The competitor is ultimately responsible for ensuring that they and the judge have signed an attempt. If an attempt is found to be missing one or both signatures after the judge delivered the score sheet to the score taker (see [Regulation A7f](regulations:regulation:A7f)), it will be considered unfinished (DNF).
     - A7f) When a competitor's score sheet for a round is complete, the judge delivers the score sheet to the score taker.
     - A7g) At the discretion of the WCA Delegate, an incident or penalty caused by a new competitor's inexperience may be replaced with an extra attempt.
 
@@ -457,17 +467,17 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
 ## <article-C><one-handed><onehandedsolving> Article C: One-Handed Solving
 
 - C1) Standard speed solving procedures are followed, as described in [Article A](regulations:article:A) (Speed Solving). Additional regulations that supersede the corresponding procedures in [Article A](regulations:article:A) are described below.
-    - C1b) During the solve, the competitor must use only one hand to touch the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
+    - C1b) During the solve, the competitor must use only one hand to operate the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
         - C1b2) If a puzzle defect occurs, and the competitor chooses to repair it, they must repair it using only the solving hand. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
-        - C1b3) If a puzzle defect occurs, and parts of the puzzle briefly come in contact with other body parts without the competitor's intention, this is not considered touching the puzzle, at the discretion of the judge.
-    - C1c) During the solve, once a competitor touches the puzzle with one hand, they must not touch the puzzle with the other hand. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
+        - C1b3) If other body parts of the competitor come in contact with the puzzle or parts of the puzzle without the competitor's intention and without applying moves, this is not considered operating the puzzle, at the discretion of the judge.
+    - C1c) During the solve, once a competitor operates the puzzle with one hand, they must not operate the puzzle with the other hand. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
 
 
 ## <article-D><feet><solvingwithfeet> Article D: Solving With Feet
 
 - D1) Standard speed solving procedures are followed, as described in [Article A](regulations:article:A) (Speed Solving). Additional regulations that supersede the corresponding procedures in [Article A](regulations:article:A) are described below.
     - D1a) During the attempt, the competitor must sit in a chair, sit on the surface, or stand.
-    - D1b) During the attempt, the competitor must use only their feet and the surface to manipulate the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
+    - D1b) During the solve, the competitor must use only their feet and the surface to operate the puzzle. Penalty: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
 - D3) Starting the solve:
     - D3a) The competitor places their feet onto the timer sensors.
     - D3b) The competitor removes their feet from the timer sensors to start the solve.
@@ -488,7 +498,7 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
         - E2e1) The WCA Delegate may ask the competitor to explain the purpose of each move in their solution, irrespective of scrambling algorithm. If the competitor cannot give a valid explanation, the attempt is disqualified (DNF).
 - E3) The competitor may use the following objects during the attempt. Penalty for using unauthorized objects: disqualification of the attempt (DNF).
     - E3a) Paper and pens (both supplied by judge).
-    - E3b) Rubik's Cubes (at most 3, self-supplied), as described in [Article 3](regulations:article:3).
+    - E3b) 3x3x3 Cubes (at most 3, self-supplied), as described in [Article 3](regulations:article:3).
     - E3c) Stickers (self-supplied).
     - E3d) Stopwatch or watch (self-supplied) for keeping track of the elapsed time, if it is approved by the WCA Delegate.
 
@@ -507,19 +517,21 @@ Note: Because Article and Regulation numbers are not reassigned when Regulations
     - H1a) Before an attempt, the competitor must submit to the organization team the number of puzzles (at least 2) they wish to attempt.
         - H1a1) A competitor is not permitted to change the number of puzzles after submitting their number to the organization team.
         - H1a2) A competitor may request to keep their submission private until all competitors have submitted their numbers. Once all competitors have reported their numbers, the information becomes public (e.g. a competitor may ask for the numbers of any other competitors before starting their attempt).
+        - H1a3) Before the attempt, the scrambled puzzles must be placed on the table in an arbitrary orientation while ensuring they remain completely covered. The puzzles should be arranged in shape as square as possible (e.g. 8 puzzles should be arranged in 2 rows with 3 puzzles and 1 row with 2 puzzles).
     - H1b) If a competitor is attempting fewer than 6 puzzles, they are allotted a time limit of 10 minutes times the number of puzzles in the attempt, else the time limit is 60 minutes.
         - H1b1) The competitor may signal the end of the attempt at any time. If and when the time limit is reached, the judge stops the attempt and the attempt is then scored; the time limit for the attempt counts as the original recorded time.
     - H1d) Time penalties for the puzzles of the attempt are cumulative.
-    - H1e) Use of the Stackmat timer is optional for timekeeping.
 
 
 ## <article-Z><optional><optional> Article Z: Optional Regulations
 
-Organization teams may adopt optional regulations to facilitate the administration of the competition.
-The WCA Board must approve any optional regulations for a competition.
+Organization teams may adopt optional regulations to facilitate the administration of the competition, at the discretion of the WCA Board.
 
 - Z1) The organization team may require competitors to submit puzzles during registration.
 - Z2) The organization team may limit the number of events per competitor.
 - Z3) The organization team may select competitors who directly qualify for certain rounds of certain events based on the results of specific previous competitions.
-- Z4) The organization team may limit the number of competitors per event or per competition, on either a "first come first serve" basis or based upon qualification results or rankings in the WCA world rankings of a previously announced calendar date.
+- Z4) The organization team may limit the number of competitors per event or per competition, on either a "first come first serve" basis or based upon qualification results or rankings in the WCA world rankings of a previously announced calendar date. If the number of competitors per event or per competition is limited, the following regulations apply:
+    - Z4a) If the limit for a competition or an event is reached before the competition, the organization team must not accept on-site registrations for the competition or the event.
+    - Z4b) Competitor limits should be announced together with the competition. Any changes to competitor limits are at the discretion of the WCA Board.
+    - Z4c) If there is more than one registration period, the organization team must announce each additional registration period at least 48 hours before it starts.
 - Z5) The organization team may prohibit competitors from participating in specific combinations of events.