This page outlines the steps to run inference a model with T5X on Tasks/Mixtures defined with SeqIO.
Running inference on a model with T5X using SeqIO Task/Mixtures consists of the following steps:
- Choose the model to run inference on.
- Choose the SeqIO Task/Mixture to run inference on.
- Write a Gin file that configures the model, SeqIO Task/Mixture and other details of your inference run.
- Launch your experiment locally or on XManager.
- Monitor your experiment and access predictions.
These steps are explained in detail in the following sections. An example run that runs inference on a fine-tuned T5-1.1-Small checkpoint on the (Open Domain) (Open Domain) Natural Questions benchmark is also showcased.
To run inference on a model, you need a Gin config file that defines the model
params, and the model checkpoint to load from. For this example, a T5-1.1-Small
model fine-tuned on the
natural_questions_open_test
SeqIO Task will be used:
- Model checkpoint -
cbqa/small_ssm_nq/model.ckpt-1110000
- Model Gin file -
models/t5_1_1_small.gin
.
If you would like to fine-tune your model before inference, please follow the fine-tuning tutorial, and continue to Step 2.
A SeqIO Task encapsulates the data source, the preprocessing logic to be performed on the data before querying the model, the postprocessing logic to be performed on model outputs, and the metrics to be computed given the postprocessed outputs and targets (for inference, post-processing and metrics are irrelevant). A SeqIO Mixture denotes a collection of Tasks and enables fine-tuning a model on multiple Tasks.
Many common datasets and benchmarks, e.g. GLUE,
SuperGLUE,
WMT,
SQUAD,
CNN/Daily Mail, etc. have been
implemented as SeqIO Tasks/Mixtures and can be used directly. These
Tasks/Mixtures are defined in
third_party/py/t5/data/tasks.py
and
third_party/py/t5/data/mixtures.py
.
For the example run, you will run inference on the (Open Domain) Natural
Questions benchmark, which has been implemented as the natural_questions_open
Task in
/third_party/google_research/google_research/t5_closed_book_qa/t5_cbqa/tasks.py
.
Here's an example of a single row of preprocessed data from this Task:
{
'inputs_pretokenized': 'nq question: what was the main motive of salt march',
'inputs': [3, 29, 1824, 822, 10, 125, 47, 8, 711, 10280, 13, 3136, 10556, 1]
'targets_pretokenized': 'challenge to British authority',
'targets': [1921, 12, 2390, 5015, 1],
'answers': ['challenge to British authority']
}
After choosing the model and SeqIO Task/Mixture for your run, the next step is
to configure your run using Gin. If you're not familiar with Gin, reading the
T5X Gin Primer is recommended. T5X provides a Gin file that configures
the T5X inference job (located at
runs/infer.gin
) to
run inference on SeqIO Task/Mixtures, and expects a few params from you. These
params can be specified in a separate Gin file, or via commandline flags.
Following are the required params:
CHECKPOINT_PATH
: This is the path to the model checkpoint (from Step 1). For the example run, set this to'gs://t5-data/pretrained_models/cbqa/small_ssm_nq/model.ckpt-1110000'
.MIXTURE_OR_TASK_NAME
: This is the SeqIO Task or Mixture name to run inference on (from Step 2). For the example run, set this to'natural_questions_open'
.MIXTURE_OR_TASK_MODULE
: This is the Python module that contains the SeqIO Task or Mixture. For the example run, set this to'google_research.t5_closed_book_qa.t5_cbqa.tasks'
. Note that this module must be included as a dependency in the T5X inference binary. Most common Task modules, includingt5_closed_book_qa
, are already included. If your module is not included, see the Advanced Topics section at the end of this tutorial for instructions to add it.TASK_FEATURE_LENGTHS
: This is a dict mapping feature key to maximum length for that feature. After preprocessing, features are truncated to the provided value. For the example run, set this to{'inputs': 38, 'targets': 18}
, which is the maximum token length for the test set.INFER_OUTPUT_DIR
: A path to write inference outputs to. When launching using XManager, this path is automatically set and can be accessed from the XManager Artifacts page. When running locally using Blaze, you can explicitly pass a directory using a flag. Launch commands are provided in the next step.
In addition to the above params, you will need to import
infer.gin
and the
Gin file for the model, which for the example run is
t5_1_1_small.gin
.
include 'runs/infer.gin'
include 'models/t5_small.gin'
Note that the include
statements use relative paths in this example. You will
pass an appropriate gin_search_paths
flag to locate these files when launching
your run. Absolute paths to Gin files can also be used, e.g.
include 't5x/configs/runs/infer.gin'
include 't5x/google/examples/flaxformer_t5/configs/models/t5_1_1_small.gin'
Finally, your Gin file should look like this:
include 'runs/infer.gin'
include 'models/t5_1_1_small.gin'
CHECKPOINT_PATH = 'gs://t5-data/pretrained_models/cbqa/small_ssm_nq/model.ckpt-1110000'
MIXTURE_OR_TASK_NAME = 'closed_book_qa'
MIXTURE_OR_TASK_MODULE = 'google_research.t5_closed_book_qa.t5_cbqa.tasks'
TASK_FEATURE_LENGTHS = {'inputs': 38, 'targets': 18}
See
t5_1_1_small_cbqa_natural_questions.gin
for this example. Make sure that your Gin file is linked as a data dependency to
the T5X inference
binary. If your
Gin file is not included, see the
Advanced Topics section at the end of this tutorial for
instructions to add it, or skip writing a Gin file and pass the above params as
flags when launching the inference job (see instructions in Step 4).
To launch your experiment locally (for debugging only; larger checkpoints may cause issues), run the following on commandline:
INFER_OUTPUT_DIR="/tmp/model-infer/"
python -m t5x.infer \
--gin_file=t5x/google/examples/flaxformer_t5/configs/examples/inference/t5_1_1_small_cbqa_natural_questions.gin \
--gin.INFER_OUTPUT_DIR=\"${INFER_OUTPUT_DIR}\" \
--alsologtostderr
Note that multiple comma-separated paths can be passed to the gin_search_paths
flag, and these paths should contain all Gin files used or included in your
experiment.
After inference has completed, you can view predictions in the jsonl
files in
the output dir. JSON data is written in chunks and combined at the end of the
inference run. Refer to Sharding and
Checkpointing sections for more details.
Now that you have successfully run inference on a model, here are some topics you might want to explore next:
We also touch upon a few advanced topics related to inference below that might be useful, especially when customizing your inference job.
You can run inference in parallel across multiple TPU slices by setting the
num_shards
flag when running using XManager. When num_shards > 1
, the
dataset is interleaved among the shards and the predictions are combined in the
end; hence the order of examples in the data source and the predictions in the
output json files will not match (order is guaranteed to match for num_shards = 1
or the number of input file shards).
You can control dataset checkpointing frequency by overriding the
infer.checkpoint_period
in
runs/infer.gin,
which is set to 100
by default. This means that the dataset is checkpointed
after running inferences on checkpoint_period
batches (batches, not examples;
you can control batch size by overriding utils.DatasetConfig.batch_size
in
runs/infer.gin, it
is set to 32
by default).
By default, T5X does inference using an arg-max decoding strategy, always picking the most likely next token. To use random sampling instead, you may change any of the following parameters in your gin config:
decoding.temperature_sample:
temperature = 1.0
topk = 1
topp = 0.0
You can also control the number of tokens which get generated by specifying:
decoding.temperature_sample:
max_decode_steps = 50
More detailed documentation on defining a decoding stategy can be found here.
Refer to SeqIO documentation.