Consider bumping pre-installed Go version based on usage

[yeikel]

Code improvement description

I think it may be beneficial to collect metrics about the production usage of Go and update the pre-installed version accordingly.

See: https://github.com/dependabot/dependabot-core/blame/9208a0d6eab6acab484dff98f285b4a28b14995a/go_modules/Dockerfile#L22-L28

The currently pre-installed version, 1.20.10, was released on 2023-10-10 and may not reflect current production usage. Based on the comment in the Dockerfile, this might indicate that we are re-installing the correct version more often than necessary