Futures-in-Scala-2.12-part-5.md

#Futures in Scala 2.12 (part 5)

This is the fifth of several posts describing the evolution of scala.concurrent.Future in Scala 2.12.x. For the previous post, click here.

##Deprecations: onSuccess and onFailure

Since its inception and subsequent inclusion in the Scala Standard Library, Future has had 3 distinctly identifiable callback methods. onComplete, onSuccess, and onFailure.

Now, you're perhaps asking yourself why it is that onSuccess and onFailure are special-cases of onComplete, operating on eiter side of success/failure? Well, at some point it was conceived as useful.

"But…", I hear you say, "isn't foreach just a total version of onSuccess?" Well, yes it is. So let's use that instead, or onComplete!

So, if you call someFuture.onSuccess(somePartialFunction) in Scala 2.12.x you'll get the following deprecation message:

use `foreach` or `onComplete` instead (keep in mind that they take total rather than partial functions)

And then I hear you thinking "But, if onSuccess is the partial version of foreach, doesn't that mean that onFailure is the partial version of failed.foreach?" YES—exactly that!

This is why `someFuture.onFailure(somePartialFunction)´ in Scala 2.12.x yields this deprecation message:

use `onComplete` or `failed.foreach` instead (keep in mind that they take total rather than partial functions)

Worth keeping in mind, as with all the callbacks & foreach—there is no guaranteed order of execution of callbacks attached to the same Future. To illustrate:

val someFuture: Future[Missile] = …
someFuture.foreach(_.neutralize(PERMANENTLY))
someFuture.foreach(_.launch(target))
//Could be executed in any order and not unlikely in parallel

###Benefits:

1. Promotion of for-comprehension compatible API instead of callbacks
2. In the end there'll be fewer methods on Future, being less confusing as to what to use and when
3. onComplete then remains as a performance-optimization of (transform)[https://github.com/viktorklang/blog/blob/master/Futures-in-Scala-2.12-part-3.md], not having to create Futures to return.

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Click here for the next part in this blog series.

Cheers, √